MINISTRY OF EDUCATION AND TRAINING UNIVERSITY OF ECONOMICS HOCHIMINH CITY NGUYEN THANH HAI MARGIN TRADING RECOMMENDATIONS FOR THE APPLICATION IN VIETNAM SECURITIES MARKET MASTER’S THESIS Faculty of Banking Ho Chi Minh City 2010 LUAN VAN CHAT LUONG download : add luanvanchat@agmail.com MINISTRY OF EDUCATION AND TRAINING UNIVERSITY OF ECONOMICS HOCHIMINH CITY NGUYEN THANH HAI MARGIN TRADING RECOMMENDATIONS FOR THE APPLICATION IN VIETNAM SECURITIES MARKET MASTER’S THESIS Major: Banking and Finance Major code: 60.12 Supervisor Associate Professor Ph. Tran Huy Hoang Faculty of Banking Ho Chi Minh City LUAN VAN CHAT LUONG download : add luanvanchat@agmail.com Acknowledgement It is a pleasure to thank many people who spent their time and made this thesis possible. Firstly, I would like to express my deep and sincere gratitude to my supervisor, Associate Professor Ph. Tran Huy Hoang, Dean of Banking Faculty of University of Economics, Ho Chi Minh City for his invaluable advice, guidelines and encouragement during the course and development of my thesis.
I would like to also give my thanks to the teaching staff of the University of Economics, Ho Chi Minh City, who have taught me to get in-depth knowledge which becomes an important basis for the present thesis during my learning time. My special thanks goes to Ms. Yei Pheck Joo, Josephine - General Director of SaiGonBank Berjaya Securities Joint Stock Company for her kind support in learning about the principles and processes of margin trading applied in Malaysia securities market, particularly the margin trading processes being currently applied in Inter-Pacific Securities Sdn Bhn – a securities company of Berjaya Corporation Berhad in Malaysia, and in revising the English of my manuscript for this research. I would like to extend my thanks to Vietnam Association of Securities Business (VASB) for assisting me in obtaining the appropriate data and information on securities and Vietnam securities market, in giving me favorable conditions to exchange very helpful knowledge for this study with the VASB’s members.
And not forgetting, I am also very grateful to the supports of my best friends as graduate students in Banking K16 class and many colleagues in SaiGonBank Berjaya Securities Joint Stock Company, who have shared precious experiences and understanding as well as have given me cheerful help to complete my thesis with the best possible result i LUAN VAN CHAT LUONG download : add luanvanchat@agmail.com Lastly, I wish to express my gratitude towards my wife who always stands by me for her kind concern, loving support and cheer during my long thesis-writing period. ii LUAN VAN CHAT LUONG download : add luanvanchat@agmail.com Abstract I hereby declare that this thesis submission is my own work with the guidance of my supervisor or any contributions by others have been duly acknowledged, that all information in this paper has been obtained from legal sources and disclosed in the mass media and that, (to the best of my knowledge and belief,) it contains no material previously published or written by another person (except where explicitly referenced) iii LUAN VAN CHAT LUONG download : add luanvanchat@agmail.com Glossary of terms and abbreviations SEC : Securities and Exchange Commission SSC : State Securities Commission Hose : Hochiminh Stock Exchange HNX : Hanoi Stock Exchange VSD : Vietnam Securities Depository VASB : Vietnam Association of Securities Business BIDV : Bank for Investment and Development of Vietnam VN – Index : Vietnam Index of Hochiminh Stock Exchange Hnx – Index : Hano Index of Hanoi Stock Exchange Upcom : Unlisted Public Company Market Repo : Repurchase Agreement NAICS 2007 : The North American Industry Classification System iv LUAN VAN CHAT LUONG download : add luanvanchat@agmail.com TABLE OF CONTENT Acknowledgement Abstract Table of content List of figure CHAPTER I: INTRODUCTION .4 Research scope and approach .5 Real meaning of the research .6 Structure of the thesis. 8 CHAPTER II: INTRODUCTION OF SECURITIES MARGIN TRADING .2 The history of margin trading on international securities market .1 The history of margin trading and securities margin trading.1 The history of margin .2 Margin trading in securities market .2 The brief history of margin trading applying to other countries.2 China securities market .3 Malaysia Securities market .3 Margin trading and definitions.1 Some definitions of margin trading .2 Trading in margin account .1 The stock price increases and the margin account has the excess equity value .2 The stock price drops and maintenance of the margin account .3 Trading on the limited margin account. 30 v LUAN VAN CHAT LUONG download : add luanvanchat@agmail.
31 CHAPTER III: VIETNAM SECURITIES MARKET AND THE DEMAND OF MARGIN TRADING.2 Vietnam securities market.1 Development stages of Vietnam securities market .2 General view of trading rules currently applied .1 Matching hours and methods .2 Trading rules of the investors .3 The demand of diversification of securities trading methods .1 Cash advance service .2 Securities Repo and mortgage .3 The service of “financing support” .44 CHAPTER IV: LIMITATION OF PARTICIPANTS IN VIETNAM SECURITIES MARKET 4.2 Limitations of participants in the market .1 State agencies of securities and securities market .1 The legal documents do not meet the real practice in securities market .2 Government manages the market by temporary solutions.3 Treatment for the violations in the securities market has not been satisfactory .4 Regulation for each investor to open only one custody account and not to be allowed to buy and sell same stock in the same session .2 The supporting intermediate organizations .1 Short trading time and late clearing and settlement .2 Vietnam Securities Depository manages custody accounts by 02 levels .3 The lateness and inappropriateness of independent auditor’s opinion. 56 vi LUAN VAN CHAT LUONG download : add luanvanchat@agmail.4 Lack of an independent department in charge of supervising and solving information in the market .3 Shares of listed companies .1 Unawareness of compliance on disclosure of information in the securities market .2 Management power of companies is based on capital .3 Financial investment and risky activities .4 Participants doing business in the securities market .1 Small capital and investment into risky activities .2 Business results mainly depends on the self – trading activity .3 Information technology system has not met the trading demands of investors .4 Internal control and risk management system have not been paid proper attention .5 Internal procedures and policy of margin trading has not been set up .2 Fund management companies and securities investment companies. 78 CHAPTER V: RECOMMENDATION FOR THE APPLICATION OF MARGIN TRADING 5.2 Recommendations for the application of margin trading .1 For State agencies .1 Completing the system of legal documents regarding securities and securities market .2 Enhancing the equitization process of State-owned enterprises .3 Promulgating specific regulations on margin trading activity .2 Supporting intermediate organizations. 84 vii LUAN VAN CHAT LUONG download : add luanvanchat@agmail.1 Vietnam Securities Depository (“VSD”) .3 Accredited audit firm .4 An organization in charge of assessing the business confidence should be set up to have the basis for sector classification .3 Goods – Listed companies and unlisted public companies .1 The market needs more qualified and diversified stocks .2 Business results should be enhanced and risky activities should be avoided investing in .3 The purpose of listing must be determined and pursued .4 Participants doing business in the securities market .1 Fund management companies .1 Enhancing the capital mobilization to serve the operation after crisis .2 Properly allocating the power sources without relying on risky self- trading activity .3 Enhancing the information technology system serving for trading .4 Completing and maintaining the internal control and risk management system effectively .5 Margin trading activity.
- Appendix 1: List of 50 highest capitalization stocks on the market as of 16th March 2010. 109 - Appendix 2: Financial investment situation of listed companies at hose. 113 - Appendix 3: Legal documents applied in the securities market as of 30th April 2010. 120 viii LUAN VAN CHAT LUONG download : add luanvanchat@agmail.com - Appendix 4: The capital, profit and loss of the securities companies at 31st December 2009 (unit: mill.
176 - Appendix 5: Organization chart of Vietnam securities market. 181 LIST OF FIGURES - Figure 1.1: The structure of the study - Figure 2.1: The initial margin rates - Figure 2.2: Trading in margin account and the margin account has the excess equity value - Figure 2.3: Trading in margin account and maintenance of the margin account - Figure 3.1: Statement of trading volume from April to December of the years 2008 and 2009 - Figure 3.2: Statement of trading situation in the last 3 months of 2009 under the pressure of securities mortgage release - Figure 4.1: A real case violation on using the inside information - Figure 4.2: Statistics of listed securities companies in the market - Figure 4.3: Listing activities in the securities market - Figure 4.4: Statistics of custody accounts - Figure 4.5: Statistics of securities companies’ capital scale - Figure 5.1: Proposal the initial margin rate and minimum margin ratio - Figure 5.2: Proposal the dossiers related to opening the margin trading account ix LUAN VAN CHAT LUONG download : add luanvanchat@agmail.com LIST OF TABLE - Table 2.1: The benefits and risks of investors and securities companies in applying securities margin trading - Table 4.1: Legal documents applied in Vietnam securities market - Table 4.2: Situation of violating Securities Law - Table 4.3: The system of accounts in settlement and clearing transactions of cash and securities in the market - Table 4.4: Listing conditions CHART - Flow chart 5.1: Margin financing procedures - Flow chart 5.2: Credit control procedures x LUAN VAN CHAT LUONG download : add luanvanchat@agmail.com CHAPTER I: INTRODUCTION 1. Research basis Securities market is an effective channel of capital mobilization for the national economy; so, its establishment and development in developing countries are very necessary. Together with the fast expansion of securities market in other countries, the establishment of Vietnam securities market is an indispensable trend in the process of economic growth and integration in the region as well as in the world.
During its development course, the countenance of Vietnam securities market has continually changed and the Vietnam securities market has become an important channel of capital mobilization in medium and long terms in the process of national industrialization and modernization. Vietnam securities market has officially come into operation since 20 July 2000, from which it is 10 years old now. Although it has still been too young in comparison with the securities markets of other countries with hundreds of years, the Vietnam securities market has gotten many considerable achievements such as the capitalization rate of 40% of GDP, exceeding the norm of the Government (10 - 15% of GDP), the gradually perfected legal documents, the increasing numbers of listed companies and the investors participating in the market and the attraction of the interest of local and overseas investors. The occasion of 10 years of establishment and development of Vietnam securities market is also the occasion to revaluate the achievements attained as well as the shortcomings need to be perfected so that the Vietnam securities market can become more stable and play the role of effective channel of capital mobilization in the economy.
Vietnam securities market has started since 20th July 2000, in such a short period of time, though it has experienced many ups and downs. From a small number of transactions during 2001 - 2003 with some of securities codes to the boom of trading volume during 2006 - 2007, and until the period of 2008 - 2009, we 1 LUAN VAN CHAT LUONG download : add luanvanchat@agmail.com have seen the sharp decline of the market. In addition to the reason of unstable situation of the world’s economy, the immanent reasons are the wave of speculation, the gap in the law, the issues in the management policy of currency market and capital market in Vietnam. After significant fluctuations in the market, the trading situation seems to be quieter at the moment.
In the busiest trading days, the trading value reached even over VND 11.