THAI NGUYEN UNIVERSITY UNIVERSITY OF AGRICULTURAL AND FORESTRY DO MINH THUY TOPIC TITLE: ASSESSMENT OF THE CURRENT AIR QUALITY SITUATION IN GANG THEP THAI NGYEN FACTORY AND PROPOSAL MITIGATION SOLUTION BACHELOR THESIS Study Mode: Full-time Major: Environmental Science and Management Faculty: International Training and Development Center Batch: K43-Advance Education Program Thai Nguyen, 30/09/2015 n Thai Nguyen University of Agriculture and Forestry Degree Program Bachelor of Environmental Science and Management Student name Do Minh Thuy Student ID DTN 1153110231 Thesis Title Assessment of the current air quality situation in Can Thep Thai Ngyen factory and proposal mitigation solution. Do ThiLan Abstract: Study about air situation in Can Thep Thai Nguyen Factory and pose measurements. As alarming problem about air pollution in the world in generally and in Viet Nam particularly under the negative effect of metallurgical industry, I would like to implement my study to assess the air quality status of steel rolling factory of TISCO and propose measures of mitigate pollutants and poison gas treatment technology. By methods such as collecting secondary data, application theory, conducting the actual survey in factory.
All data through real practicing are processed and showed into statistical tables, charts, reasonable adjustment and included in the report. The main reference source is from report of environmental monitoring of Can Thep Thai Nguyen Factory beside some other data of environment and metallurgy in Viet Nam and in the world as well as professional reference materials. In the result, although most air parameters of TN Rolling Mill within in permitted standard, some factor as NH3, NOx and TSP are increasingly over time. It is necessary to pose some measurements in both management and technology as SNCR to prevent environment accident in the future.
Because of conducting in the real survey in workshop be operating and kiln stack, it should be limited. Furthermore, factory cannot statistical dust and exhaust emission, so it is impossible to get accurate results on air emissions load. Keywords: Can Thep Thai Nguyen Factory, Air pollution, Iron and steel plants, environment, SNCR Number of pages: 58 Date of submission: October 30, 2015 i n ACKNOWLEDGEMENT After a period of studying at Thai Nguyen University of Agriculture and forestry, I have equipped myself with basically professional knowledge. As the consensus of the university, the dean committee of International Training Center and the direct instruction of Assoc.
Do ThiLan, I conduct my bachelor thesis: "Assessment of the current air quality situation in Can Thep Thai Ngyen factory and proposal mitigation solution.” During researching, with the hearted guidance of Assoc. Do ThiLan and supporting from leadership of Can Thep Thai Nguyen Factory, I finished my thesis. Therefore I express my deepest gratitude to teachers in the International Training Center and Natural Resources and Environment Faculty, especially Assoc. Dr Do ThiLan who directly guide me in implementing thesis.
Besides I would like to thank for the leadership of Can Thep Thai Nguyen Factory facilitating me to finish investigation. Due to limited professional qualifications, my thesis may be inevitable shortcomings. I would like to receive the assistance of whole teachers to my thesis become better. Thank you very much! ii n TABLE OF CONTENTS LIST OF FIGURES .1 LIST OF TABLES .2 LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS.
Research questions and hypotheses .7 PART II: LIERATURE REVIEW. The legal basis. An overview of the domestic and foreign research situation. Methods of collecting secondary data.
The actual survey methods. Statistic and data processing methods .1 manufacturing technology process. Air environment status in Thai Nguyen Can Thep factory. Commenting and evaluation on the status of air sources in Can Thep Thai Nguyen Factory.
Research of measures for air pollution mitigation in Can Thep Thai Nguyen Factory.39 PART 5: DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION .57 iv n LIST OF FIGURES Figure 4. 2- Chart of substances concentration changing in kiln stack exhaust emissions during 3 years. 3- Chart of noise level in manufacturing area during 3 years. 4- Chart of noise level in outside manufacturing area during 3 years.
5- Diagram of exhaust fumes treatment technology. 6- Diagram of SNCR technology. 7- Diagram of Fabric Filter Equipment. 51 1 n LIST OF TABLES Table 2.
1- Pollution loads from the stacks of ISDEMIR. 2- Air quality in the project area of Ma Ong Industrial zone. 1- Synthesis list of sampling and monitoring equipment. 2- Synthesis of sampling location.
3- Sampling methods according to TCVN standard. 1- Sources of emissions from the plant's activities. 2- Sampling result in the steel rolling area. 3- Sampling result at the billet kiln.
4- Sampling result at the finished product storage. 5- Sampling result in the factory’s office. 6- Sampling result at the southern residential area; main port of TISCO company. 7- Sampling result in the 17th household of residential area, Cam Gia Ward, Thai Nguyen City, far 200 meters from the plant to the northeast.
8- Sampling result in the residential area to the southwest, far 200m from. 9- Result of measuring and analyzing dust, noise in the manufacturing area in 2015. 10- Result of measuring and analyzing dust, noise in the outside of manufacturing area in 2015. 11- Result of measuring and analyzing kiln stack emission in 2015.
12(a) - Comparison of air quality in factory area between 3 years 2013, 2014, 2015. 13(b) - Comparison of air quality in factory area between 3 years 2013, 2014, 2015. 35 3 n LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS BTNMT: Natural resources and environment ministry QCVN: National technical regulations on environment TISCO: Thai Nguyen Iron Stock Co- operation WHO: World health organization 4 n PART I. Research rationale Currently, air pollution is a pressing problem for the urban, industrial and handicraft villages environment in Viet Nam at present.
Air pollution has a negative impact on human health (particularly cause respiratory diseases), ecosystems and climate change (greenhouse effect, acid rain and ozone depletion). The stronger industrialization and urbanization, the more sources of pollutants as well as pressure changing air quality. Environmental protection requirements are increasingly important (Dang, 2003) Thai Nguyen Steel Rolling Mill is one of the important investments in projects to renovate and expand production of Thai Nguyen Joint Stock Company in the first phase, which was completed and operated in 2005. With the modern technology of Danieli (Italy), capacity of 300,000 tons / year has increased total producing capacity of Thai Nguyen JSC to 550,000 tons / year (Can Thep Thai Nguyen Factory).
With great production capacity above, emissions into the environment from Can Thep Thai Nguyen Factory in the producing process is significant. It partly contributed to the problem of ambient quality changing in factory. The pollutants derive from combustion of fossil fuels such as coal, FO oil created: CO2, CO, SO2, NOx and unburned organic matter: soot, dust, losing process, leaked on technology line, the process of transport of volatile chemicals, dust. In particular, the CO, CO2, SO2, NOx and dust in emissions being released during producing have more potential causing air pollution and human health.
5 n As situation mentioned above, to assess and solve the problem of air pollution in Can Thep Thai Nguyen Factory, the implementation of thesis: “Assessment of the current air quality situation in Can Thep Thai Ngyen factory and proposal mitigation solution.” is really necessary to pose suitable solutions in managing and reducing air pollution effectively. Aim of study - Assessing the air quality status of steel rolling factory of TISCO - Propose measures of mitigate pollutants and poison gas treatment technology. Significance of study a. Significance in studies and science researches Through the implementation of the study, students become familiar with the scientific research, strengthen their knowledge, apply theory to practice, understand how to collect, analyze and process information and work skills b.
Significance in life Air pollution is the pressing problem in the world in generally and our country in particularly. So the management air quality of factory must be conducted tightly in order to reduce emissions into the environment. Periodic monitoring air of factory contribute greatly the environmental management of the the factory and the competent authorities in the detection parameters exceed permissible emissions standards for reasonable prevention measures timely. Study assess air quality of factory exactly, is the base of the environmental protected evaluation of factory 6 n Researching results is the basis for the selection of measures to reduce emissions of the factory, facilitate sustainable development.
Research questions and hypotheses - What is an overview of Can Thep Thai Nguyen Factory? - What is current situation of air of Can Thep Thai Nguyen Factory? - What are possible management and technology solutions to reduce air pollution of the Can Thep Thai Nguyen Factory? 1. Limitations Thesis was conducted during 3 months from March 2015 to July 2015 Thai Nguyen JSC has 25 factories. That is too large scope to survey for whole. However, the choice of air quality assessment in a small unit also has some disadvantages such as polluted air source can be from combination with other surrounded factories.
Therefore the measuring results may not be completely accurate. The survey being examined is relatively small, the findings cannot be generalized to the broader company. Definitions Air pollution is the introduction of particulates, biological molecules, or other harmful materials into Earth's atmosphere, causing disease, death to humans, damage to other living organisms such as food crops, or the natural or built environment. Air pollution may come from anthropogenic or natural sources." (Carlton, 2015) Can Thep Thai Nguyen Factory: Start of construction on November 28, 2002, is a branch of Thai Nguyen Iron and Steel Joint Stock Corporation 7 n Can Thep: means steel rolling 8 n PART II: LIERATURE REVIEW 2.
Air pollution sources There are many sources of air pollution. It can be divided into natural sources and artificial sources. Natural sources: + Volcano: The volcano spewing hot lava and smoke that is rich sulfide, methane and other gases. The air containing dust spreads very far away because it is sprayed onto extremely high (Trieu, 2015).
+ Wildfires: The wildfire from natural processes occurs because of lightning, friction between dry vegetation such as bamboo, grass. The fires often spread, emiss a lot of dust and gas (Trieu, 2015). + Dust storm caused by strong winds and storms, rain erode soil in desert, wind blew up soil into dust. Seawater evaporates then corporate with sea wave foam to bring salt dust particles spread in the air (Trieu, 2015).
+ The process of decomposition, rotting carcasses, the chemical reaction between natural gas to form sulfide, nitrite, salts etc. The type of dust, gases cause air pollutants (Trieu, 2015). Atificial sources: Artificial pollution sources are varied, but mainly due to industrial activities, burning fossil fuels and operation of vehicles. Industrial pollution sources due to two production processes cause (Trieu, 2015).
9 n Fuel combustion gases emitted lot through the kiln stack of the factory into the air. Due to evaporation, leakage, loss on production lines and pipelines on the load. Source of the production's waste can also be sucked and blown out by the ventilation system (Trieu, 2015). The main industry of air pollutants include: Thermal; building materials; chemicals and fertilizers; textile and paper; Metallurgical; food; Engineering enterprises; Factories belonging to the light industry; Transportation that besides the activities of humans (Trieu, 2015).
The harmful effects of air pollution a. Emissions For humans: - SOx: low concentrations of SO2 can cause smooth muscle spasms of the trachea, at higher levels will cause increased mucous secretion (Phuong, 2013). - CO: Low concentrations of CO may cause headaches dizziness, at a concentration of 10ppm can increase heart disease, with concentrations of 250 ppm can be fatal. Workers working in an environment with much CO usually pale, emaciated (Phuong, 2013).
- NOx: When suffering acute poisoning, people will experience a headache and dyspepsia.