Each chapter in your book has a page like this one. This page shows you how to use a reading skill. Before reading First, read the Build Background page. Next, read the How To Read Science page.
Then, think about what you already know. Last, make a list of what you already know. Target Reading Skill The target reading skill will help you understand what you read. Real-World Connection Each page has an example of something you will learn.
Graphic Organizer A graphic organizer can help you think about what you learn. xx A swamp is a wetland. Okefenokee Swamp in Georgia has about 70 islands. Observe Describe a habitat near your crane school.
What plants and animals live there? Picture Clues 8. Use picture clues to tell baby birds where these baby birds live. dragonfly Test Prep Fill in the circle next to the correct answer. In which habitat might you see a camel? desert ocean rain forest 1.
What does a duck get bullfrog wetland in a wetland? 10. Tell how a forest 2. Use picture clues and a desert are alike and different. to tell what animals live in a wetland.
35 45 During reading After reading Use the checkpoint as Think about what you have you read the lesson. Compare what you will help you check how learned with the list you made much you understand. before you read the chapter. Answer the questions in the Chapter Review.
Target Reading Skills These are some target reading skills that appear in this book. • Cause and Effect • Draw Conclusions • Alike and Different • Picture Clues • Put Things in Order • Important Details • Predict xxi A scientist who wants to find out about the ocean observes many things. You use your senses to find out about things too. Scientists classify living things in the ocean.
You classify when you sort or group things by their properties. Scientists use process skills to find out about things. You will use these Scientists can estimate skills when you do the activities in the size of living things this book. Suppose scientists want in the ocean.
This to learn about living things in the means they make a ocean. Which process skills might careful guess about they use? the size or amount of something. Then they measure it. Scientists are always learning about living things in the ocean.
Scientists draw a conclusion or make a guess from what they already know. xxii Scientists tell what they think they will find before they go into the ocean. Scientists might make and use models. Models show what they already know.
Scientists use what they know to tell what something means. xxiii Think of a question you have about living things in the ocean. Make a statement that you can test to answer your question. Suppose you were a scientist.
You might want to learn more about the ocean. What questions might you have? How would you use process skills to help you learn? Scientists record what they observe and measure. Scientists put this data into charts or graphs. Scientists use what they learn to solve problems or answer questions.
xxiv Scientists plan and do an investigation as they study the ocean. Scientists plan a fair test. Scientists change only one thing in their test. Scientists keep everything else the same.
Scientists tell what they learn about living things in the ocean. xxv Scientific methods are ways of finding answers. Scientific methods have these steps. Sometimes scientists do the steps in a different order.
Scientists do not always do all of the steps. Ask a question that you Do seeds need want answered. water to grow? Make your hypothesis. Tell what you think the answer is to your question.
If seeds are watered, then they will grow. Plan a fair test. Water one pot Change only one thing. Keep everything else the same.
water no water xxvi Do your test. Test your hypothesis. Do your test more than once. See if your results are the same.
Collect and record your data. Keep records of what you find out. Use words or drawings to help. Tell your conclusion.
Seeds need water to grow. Observe the results of your test. Decide if your hypothesis is right or wrong. Tell what you decide.
water no water Go further. Use what you learn. Think of new questions or better ways to do a test. xxvii Text Scientists use many different kinds of tools.
Measuring cup You can use a measuring cup to measure volume. Volume is how much Text space something Stopwatch takes up. A stopwatch measures how much time something takes. Computer You can learn about science at a special Ruler Internet website.
Go to You can use a ruler to www. measure how long something Text is. Most scientists use a ruler to measure length in centimeters or millimeters. xxviii Thermometer A thermometer measures the temperature.
When the temperature gets warmer, the red line moves up. When it gets cooler, the red line moves down. Most thermometers have a Celsius and Fahrenheit scale. Most scientists use the Celsius scale.
xxix Text Safety goggles You can use safety goggles Calculator to protect your eyes. A calculator can help you do things, such as add and subtract. Text Balance A balance is used to measure the mass of objects. Mass is how much matter an object has.
Most Meterstick scientists measure mass in grams You can use a meterstick to measure or kilograms. how long something is too. Scientists use a meterstick to measure in meters. Text Clock A clock measures time.
xxx Hand lens A hand lens makes objects look larger. Magnet You can use a magnet to see if an object is made of certain metals. xxxi ou need to be careful when doing science activities. This page includes safety tips to remember: Listen to your teacher’s instructions.
Never taste or smell materials unless your teacher tells you to. Wear safety goggles when needed. Handle scissors and other equipment carefully. Keep your work place neat and clean.
Clean up spills immediately. Tell your teacher immediately about accidents or if you see something that looks unsafe. Wash your hands well after every activity. xxxii why living things are alive.
that nonliving things were never alive. 1 living shelter 2 Chapter 1 Vocabulary living page 7 shelter page 12 nonliving page 14 nonliving 3 Explore Which is a living thing? Materials What to Do Put the bean seeds bowl with gravel on the gravel. bean seeds cup with water Cover the gravel with water. Observe for 4 days.
You observe when you watch Explain Your Results the seeds and Observe what happens. Tell about the changes you see. 4 Alike and Different Alike means how things are the same. Different means how things are not the same.
Science Pictures Alike Different Apply It! Observe the trees. How are the trees alike and different? 5 You Are There Sung to the tune of “Clementine.” Lyrics by Gerri Brioso & Richard Freitas/The Dovetail Group, Inc. Plants are living things. So are animals.
So are people, and I know, Living things need food and water. Living things all change and grow. 6 Lesson 1 What are living things? Living things are alive. Living things can grow.
Living things can change. Plants are living things. Animals are living things. People are living things too.
This butterfly is a living thing. keyword: living code: g1p7 7 Plants and Animals Plants can grow. Plants can change. Animals can grow.
Animals can change. This young oak tree will grow. Grown animals can have young animals. Many animals can move on their own.
8 How do these animals move? 1. What is a living thing? 2. What could you use to measure how tall the young oak tree is? 9 Lesson 2 What do plants need? A need is something a living thing must have to live. Plants need air and water.
Plants need light from the Sun. Plants need space to live and grow. Rain can give plants the water they need. What do plants need to live? 2.
Tell how plants can get water. 11 Lesson 3 What do animals need? Animals have needs too. Animals need food. Animals need water.
Animals need air. Animals need space to live. Some animals need shelter. A shelter is a safe place.
The chipmunk eats flower parts for food. 12 The birds use a nest for shelter. This nest is made of sticks and grasses. What does this wolf pup use for shelter? 1.
What do animals need to live? 2. How are the needs of plants and animals alike and different? 13 Lesson 4 What are nonliving things? Nonliving things were never alive. Nonliving things do not need food and water. Nonliving things do not grow on their own.
Nonliving things do not change on their own. How do you know that a chair is a nonliving thing? 2. Draw a picture of a nonliving thing. Write one sentence about your picture.
14 Look at the classroom. What nonliving things do you see? 15 Nonliving Things Around You People make some nonliving things. People make some toys that look like living things. People make some toys that move like living things.
Name some nonliving things in the bathtub. 16 There are nonliving things in nature. Water is a nonliving thing. Water does not need food.
Water does not grow. What nonliving things do you see in this picture? 1. What are some nonliving things made by people? 2. How are a toy dog and a living dog alike and different? 17 Investigate How do brine shrimp eggs change in salt water? Materials What to Do Look at the shrimp spoon with eggs with a hand lens.
shrimp eggs Draw a picture to show how they look. hand lens cup with salt water Add the shrimp eggs to the salt water. You interpret data when you use data to answer questions. 18 Observe the eggs for 5 days.
Collect Data Draw a picture each day to show what happens to the shrimp eggs. Observing Brine Shrimp Day 1 Day 2 Day 3 Day 4 Day 5 Explain Your Results 1. Interpret Data What changes did you observe Could shrimp eggs in 5 days? live in water that is 2. What do brine shrimp eggs not salty? How could you find out? need to grow and change? 19 20 Find living and nonliving things in the picture.
Count the living things. Write the number. Count the nonliving things. Write the number.
Look around your home. List three living things you see. List three nonliving things you see. 21 Vocabulary Which picture goes with each word? 1.
nonliving What did you learn? 3. What do plants need to live? 4. What do animals need to live? 5. What might happen if a living thing does not get what it needs? 22 6.
Observe Tell two things about a nonliving object you see in your classroom? Alike Different Alike and Different 7. How are these birds alike and different? Test Prep Fill in the circle next to the correct answer. Which one is nonliving? a person a hat a dog a plant 9. Make a list of three things you need to live.
23 Read Together Dr. Sonia Ortega liked to look for insects when she was young. When she grew up she wanted to learn more about other animals. Ortega studies oysters in the Atlantic Ocean.
She wants to know where oysters grow the best. Ortega is a marine biologist. EC NTL 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 Look for animals near your home. Draw pictures of them.
24 how habitats are alike and different. how the needs of plants and animals are met in their habitats.