MINISTRY OF EDUCATION AND TRAINING HO CHI MINH CITY UNIVERSITY OF TECHNOLOGY AND EDUCATION GRADUATION THESIS MAJOR: ELECTRICAL AND ELECTRONICS ENGINEERING TECHNOLOGY DESIGN SMART CAR PARKING SYSTEM INSTRUCTOR: LE TRONG NGHIA STUDENT: LIEU PHU THUAN AN TRINH HOANG THUONG Ho Chi Minh city, June 2024 HO CHI MINH CITY UNIVERSITY OF TECHNOLOGY AND EDUCATION FACULTY OF INTERNATIONAL EDUCATION GRADUATION PROJECT DESIGN SMART CAR PARKING SYSTEM Liêu Phú Thuận An Student ID: 19142002 Trịnh Hoàng Thương Student ID: 19142053 Major: ELECTRICAL AND ELECTRONICS ENGINEERING TECHNOLOGY Supervisor: Ph.D LÊ TRỌNG NGHĨA Ho Chi Minh City, June 2024 HO CHI MINH CITY UNIVERSITY OF TECHNOLOGY AND EDUCATION FACULTY OF INTERNATIONAL EDUCATION GRADUATION PROJECT DESIGN SMART CAR PARKING SYSTEM Liêu Phú Thuận An Student ID: 19142002 Trịnh Hoàng Thương Student ID: 19142053 Major: ELECTRICAL AND ELECTRONICS ENGINEERING TECHNOLOGY Supervisor: Ph.D LÊ TRỌNG NGHĨA Ho Chi Minh City, June 2024 THE SOCIALIST REPUBLIC OF VIETNAM Independence – Freedom– Happiness -------- Ho Chi Minh City, June 20, 2024 GRADUATION PROJECT ASSIGNMENT Student name: Liêu Phú Thuận An Student ID: 19142002 Student name: Trịnh Hoàng Thương Student ID: 19142503 Major: Electrical and Electronics Engineering Class: 19142CLA Technology Supervisor: Ph.D Lê Trọng Nghĩa Phone number: _________________ Date of assignment: _____________________ Date of submission: _____________ 1. Project title: Design smart car parking system. Initial materials provided by supervisor: ___________________________________ 3. Content of the project: − Selection of devices in the model.
− Design and finalize the hardware of the model. − Design the interface for managing a parking car. − Build and complete models as required. − Operate the model and evaluate the system.
Final product: − 01 Project report documents. − Complete model of the parking car according to original design requirements. − Management interface according to original design requirements. CHAIR OF THE PROGRAM SUPERVISOR (Sign with full name) (Sign with full name) THE SOCIALIST REPUBLIC OF VIETNAM Independence – Freedom– Happiness -------- ---- SUPERVISOR’S EVALUATION SHEET Student name: Liêu Phú Thuận An Student ID: 19142002 Student name: Trịnh Hoàng Thương Student ID: 19142503 Major: Electrical and Electronics Engineering Technology.
Project title: Design smart car parking system.D Lê Trọng Nghĩa. Content of the project:. Approval for oral defense? (Approved or denied). (in words: ………………………………………………… ) Ho Chi Minh City, June 20, 2024 SUPERVISOR (Sign with full name) THE SOCIALIST REPUBLIC OF VIETNAM Independence – Freedom– Happiness -------- PRE-DEFENSE EVALUATION SHEET Student name: Liêu Phú Thuận An Student ID: 19142002 Student name: Trịnh Hoàng Thương Student ID: 19142503 Major: Electrical and Electronics Engineering Technology.
Project title: Design smart car parking system.D Lê Trọng Nghĩa. Name of Examiner:. Content and workload of the project. Approval for oral defense? (Approved or denied) .) Ho Chi Minh City, June 20, 2024 EXAMINER (Sign with full name) ACKNOWLEDGMENTS During the implementation of this project, our team has received generous support, valuable insights, and enthusiastic guidance from our teachers, family, and friends.
We would like to express our sincere gratitude to Mr. Lê Trọng Nghĩa from Ho Chi Minh City University of Technology and Education, who has diligently guided and mentored our team throughout the project. We also extend our heartfelt thanks to all the teachers at Ho Chi Minh City University of Technology and Education, particularly those in the Department of High-Quality Training and the Electrical-Electronics discipline. They have imparted to us knowledge in both fundamental and specialized subjects, providing us with a solid theoretical foundation and offering assistance throughout our learning journey.
Acknowledging our limitations in knowledge and expertise, we acknowledge that there are still areas for improvement in our presentation and problem-solving approach. We eagerly welcome and deeply appreciate any constructive feedback and additional insights from our teachers to further enhance our project. We sincerely thank them for their valuable contributions. With heartfelt appreciation, Ho Chi Minh City, June 2024 Your Team's Name Liêu Phú Thuận An – Trịnh Hoàng Thương i ABSTRACT The project provides an overview of a smart car parking system incorporating various technologies and devices.
It utilizes radio-frequency identification (RFID) technology for vehicle identification, character recognition image processing technology, Arduino Nano microcontroller, and infrared sensor module (FC-51). The purpose is to automate vehicle detection upon in/out, automatic capture and processing of license plate recognition, and displaying this information on a management interface screen. The goal is to create operational ease, facilitate system management, and reduce human labor. To achieve this, a specialized management interface is required, specifically designed and programmed using the Python programming language in conjunction with Qt Designer.
Additionally, the project integrates voice output for user communication through a speaker. ii CONTENTS ACKNOWLEDGMENTS. ii ACRONYM LIST. v LIST OF FIGURES.
vi CHAPTER 1: THE OVERVIEW .1 Introduce the problem .2 The urgency of the subject .3 Objectives of the thesis .4 Methodology and research content .5 Structure of the thesis. 4 CHAPTER 2: DESIGN AND COMPUTATION OF MODELS .1 Algorithmic flowchart for the main program .2 Algorithmic flowchart for RFID .3 Algorithmic flow chart for image processing process .4 Design management interface. 18 CHAPTER 3: MODEL CONSTRUCTION .1 Construction of hardware .2 Complete the circuit board .3 Securing the positions of equipment.5 Complete the structure of the model .2 Construction of software .1 Building a control interface .2 Image processing code. 28 CHAPTER 4: OPERATING SYSTEM.
54 iv ACRONYM LIST IoT: Internet of Things ITA: Institute of Transportation Studies LCD: Liquid-Crystal Display LED: light-emitting diode OCR: Optical Character Recognition PCB: printed circuit board RFID: Radio Frequency Identification SPI: Serial Peripheral Interface UART: Universal Asynchronous Receiver / Transmitter UID: User ID v LIST OF FIGURES Figure 1.1 Traditional car park .1 Simulate the system diagram .2 The system block diagram .3 Wiring diagram for RFID block.4 Wiring diagram for servo .5 Wiring diagram for FC-51 infrared sensor module .6 Wiring diagram for power block .7 Categories displayed on the management interface .1 Steps to complete hardware .3 The main circuit board .4 Securing the positions of equipment .6 Complete the structure of the model .1 Steps to operate system .2 Supply power to the model .3 Connect two cameras to the computer .4 Control interface after successfully connecting with both cameras .5 Proceed to operate the model .6 The car is parked .7 When all parking slot in the car parking are full .8 The car to leave the parking lot .3 Pinout diagram of RFID-RC522 .4 Pinout diagram of servo .5 Pinout diagram of Arduino Nano .7 Pinout diagram of pilot light .8 Pinout diagram of LM393 .9 Module 4 Relay H/L Trigger (5VDC) .10 Pinout diagram Module 4 Relay Trigger H/L (5VDC). 55 vii CHAPTER 1: THE OVERVIEW 1.1 Introduce the problem According to a study by the Institute of Transportation Studies (ITA), searching for parking spaces imposes a significant burden on drivers, especially in large cities. About 30% of driving time is spent searching for parking, equating to increased labor and resource wastage [1]. This not only inconveniences residents but also exacerbates traffic congestion and environmental pollution.1 Traditional car park The demand arises for the application of scientific and technological advancements to parking lots to optimize automation and intelligence.
Advanced technologies such as RFID technology, remote control and monitoring technologies, and IoT (Internet of Things) have been and continue to be prioritized for application in modern systems [2], with smart parking lots being a prime example of success.2 RFID Technology By implementing automatic recognition technology, smart parking lots can operate and record vehicle parking information accurately and swiftly. Instead of relying on human intervention to control and guide parking, smart parking systems can autonomously manage and direct vehicles to available parking spaces, reducing search time and alleviating human effort in parking lot operation [3]. This not only enhances operational efficiency but also creates a smarter and more convenient urban environment for users.2 The urgency of the subject Building smart parking lots has become imperative not only due to the significant increase in the number of vehicles in large cities but also because of the numerous benefits they offer. Here are some key reasons why we should prioritize the construction of smart parking lots: 1.
Reducing congestion and environmental pollution: Smart parking lots can help minimize the time spent searching for parking spaces, thereby reducing traffic congestion and decreasing emissions from vehicles, contributing to improving air quality in urban areas. Saving time and energy: Drivers often spend a lot of time searching for suitable parking spaces. By using intelligent systems such as RFID, parking space search can be done quickly and easily, saving time and energy for users. Enhancing urban space utilization efficiency: Smart parking lots can optimize space utilization by locating and managing vacant parking spaces intelligently.
This helps enhance the efficiency of urban space utilization and reduces waste. Improving user experience: Smart parking systems provide online information about parking availability and guidance to empty spaces, creating a more convenient experience for drivers and service users. With the significant benefits that smart parking lots bring, building and deploying them becomes essential to improve not only traffic but also the quality of life in modern cities.3 Objectives of the thesis Designing and implementing a smart parking system comprising an automated parking lot model and PC-based management software utilizing RFID technology combined with license plate recognition is the goal of our project. Applying RFID technology and license plate recognition to the parking lot will address issues related to intelligent monitoring, providing numerous conveniences for the system.4 Methodology and research content In this project, our team utilized the following research methods: - Literature review method: By collecting information from books, journals on electronics, telecommunications, accessing the internet, and reviewing projects from previous courses.
- Observation method: Surveying various electronic circuits from the internet, studying existing smart parking lots to select design options for later implementation. - Survey and experimentation method: Based on the team's ideas and knowledge, combined with guidance from teachers, we conducted experiments with various circuit configurations to select optimal electrical circuits.5 Structure of the thesis Chapter 1: The overview Chapter 2: Design and computation of models Chapter 3: Model construction Chapter 4: Operating system Chapter 5: Conclusion Chapter 6: References 4 CHAPTER 2: DESIGN AND COMPUTATION OF MODELS To construct a smart parking system utilizing RFID technology, both hardware and software development are essential to ensure effectiveness and stability of the model. Firstly, in terms of hardware, we need to develop RFID sensor devices and read-write gates to record data from the RFID tags of vehicles. These sensors need to be strategically placed within the parking lot to accurately and efficiently read information from the RFID tags.
Additionally, integrating automatic entry and exit control devices should be considered to enhance automation and security for the system. Next, in the software aspect, we need to develop applications and user interfaces to manage RFID tags, track parking histories, and facilitate payments. Algorithms need to be designed to process data from RFID sensor devices and calculate corresponding parking times and fees. Moreover, security features should be integrated to ensure the safety of users' personal data and the system.
In summary, constructing a smart parking system using RFID technology requires tight integration between hardware and software to ensure flexibility, efficiency, and safety for users.1 Simulate the system diagram 5 2.1 Design options For designing and constructing a smart, safe, and user-friendly parking system, the system should include the following features: - Management software on PC with functions for managing vehicle entry/exit using cameras combined with RFID technology and license plate recognition. - Opening/closing barriers when the RFID card is accurate. - Displaying the operational status of the parking lot. To meet these system requirements, our team proposed the following hardware design options: - Utilizing available modules in the market such as Arduino Nano, RC522 Module, 5V Servo, etc.
- Using a 12V converter and directly sourcing the Arduino 5V power from the computer. - Designing and drawing circuit boards to connect the modules together.