ASSESSMENT OF FLOOD CONTROL ALTERNATIVES FOR DONG THAP MUOI REGION, SOUTH VIETNAM by Ngo Van Quan A thesis submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the Degree of Master of Engineering Examination Committee: Prof. Ashim Das Gupta (Chairperson) Dr. Mukand Singh Babel (Co-chairperson) Dr. Roberto Sulit Clemente Dr.
Sutat Weesakul Nationality: Vietnamese Previous Degree: Bachelor of Water Engineering Hanoi Water Resources University Vietnam Scholarship Donor: Government of Denmark (Danida), Vietnam Asian Institute of Technology School of Civil Engineering ThaiLand May, 2006 Abstract Dong Thap Muoi region isa hollow part of Mekong Delta in Vietnam. Flood causes a large inundation area in this region every year. It affects to water resources, environment, ecosystems, and socio-economic activities of people. More on specific, flood inundation affect directly to agricultural production.
Therefore, this study deals with the assessment of flood control alternatives in order to determine damage reducing on agricultural sector to find the best alternative which bring securing long-term benefits in agricultural production in Three possible alternatives are proposed, through the assessment based on the most effective net benefits and whose cost of construction is acceptable for implementation for selection. Alternatives based on critical analysis ofthe physical constraints, present situation, and in future consideration, In order to get above purposes the determination of inundation depth, inundated area ‘and inundation time in calculation for the scenarios are very important in damage assessment, ‘Therefore, this study, the VRSAP model was applied to calibrate for the flood 1996 and to simulate forthe flood 2000, with expect to determine inundation depth and inundation time in ‘Tien riever, Vam Coriver and the existing channel systems in calculation cases. The GIS tools were used to simulate and determine inundation area after getting water level from calculation of VRSAP mode. [Benefit-cost analysis of planned Mood control alternatives indicates that scenarios Dredging An Phong - My Hoa channels and Building up Sluice at the end of channel is found a the most effective flood control alternatives.
The combination flood control construction alternatives and damage reducing on agricultural production from flood inundation is recommended for implementation, with discount rate 10% is calculation result BenelïUCost ratio of 291 Calculation results of relationship between present value (P) and interest rate (i) the results are determined that, with change ofdiscount rates as 6%, 8%, 12% and 14%, the corresponding Benefl/Cost ratios are 3.61, respectively and internal rate ‘of return of IRR 34.2% which is concluded that the selection is economically justified Acknowledgement Firsily, T would like to express my deepest gratitude to my adviser Prof. Ashim Das Gupta ‘andmy co-adviser Dr. Mukand Singh Babel for their advices and encouragements throughout the period of this study. Very sincere thanks and appreciation are due to Dr.
Sutat Weesakul and Dr. Roberto Sulit Clemente who serves as the member of the examination committee for this helpful suggestions and comments I would like to express my deep gratitude to Prof. Dao Xuan Hoe, who help me a lot helpful suggestions of this study and I also gratefully acknowledges the kin cooperation and help of Eng. Nguyen Thai Quyet, who help me to understand and use VRSAP model T thank to second base Water Resource University and my friends who help me complete data collection Dong Thap Muoi region, Mekong delta in Vietnam.
I also would like to thank to my classmates in AIT and my friends in Vietnam for their kind helps during the study. Sincere gratitude is due to WAterSPS, MARD - DANIDA - Vietnam for providing scholarship for me to study in the Water Engineering Management field, in School of Engineering Technology, at AIT Finally, Lam profoundly grateful to my parents, my sisters, my brother, and my uncle for their love and continuous encouragement inthis study. ‘TABLE OF CONTENTS Title Page ABSTRACT ACKNOWLEDGEMENT m LIST OF FIGURES vũ LIST OF TABLES 1x INTRODUCTION 1.2 Rational of the Study 1.3 Statement of the Problem 1.4 Objectives of Study 1.5 Scope ofthe Study LITERATURE REVIEW 2.1 Flood Routing Model 2.2 Geographic Information System Application in Water Resources 2.3 Approaches and Methods for Assessment of Flood Control Planning RESEARCH METHODOLOGY 3.1 Approach for Research 3.2 Theoretical Consideration VRSAP Model 3.1 Schematization for hydraulic computation 3.3 Method of solution 3.1 Computed and observed mean 3.4 Coetficient of efficiency 3.5 Root mean square error 3.4 Are view GIS in Simulation of Flood Inundation, w DATA COLLECTION AND METHODOLOGY 4.2 The Methodology of Research RESULTS AND DISCUSSTION 5.2 VRSAP Model Setup, Calibration and Verification 5.1 Establish schematization of river network for VRSAP model 5.2 Run model, calibration and veriicat 5.3 The simulation for historical flood year 2000 5.3 Development of Flood Inundation 5.4 Calculation Results Inundation Area and Damage Reducing VI COSTS AND BENEFITS CACULATION 49 6.1 Caleulation Methodology and Calculation Content 49 6.2 Proposed Construction Program 49 6.4 Operation, Maintenance and Renewal Costs 9 6.7 To Compare and Select between Alternative A and Alternative B 70 6.8 Benefil/Codts Analysis with Other Annual Interest Rates, VI CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS, ” 7.3 Recommendation REFERENCES 76 APPENDIX A 7 APPENDIX B. 109 LIST OF FIGURES Fi Title Page Figure 1 “The administration map Mekong River Delta, Vietnam and the study area Figure L2: ‘Schematic representation of flow systems in dong Thap Muoi region Figure 2.1 Literature review of hydraulic and assessment flood control planning Figure 3.1 Methodological framework for assessment analytical flood control planning Figure 4.1 The location of all stations of study area Figure 42: ‘Methodological framework detail of thesis ure summarize as shown below Figure 52 Calculated and observed at Tan Chau station on Tie river flood 1996 Figure 5.3: Calculated and observed at Moc Hoa station on Vam Co river flood 1996 Figure 54 Calculated and observed at Hung Thanh station Phuoe Xuyen channel 1996 Figure 55 Calculated and observed at Tan Chau station on Tin river flood 1999 Figure 56 Calculated and observed at Moc Hoa station on Vam Co sive food 1999 Figure 57: Cateulated and observed at Hung Thanh station on Phuoe Xuyen channel 1999 Figure 5.9: ‘Water level (Scenario 1) at some nodes along Tien river of flood 2000.10: Water level (Scenario 1) at some nodes along Vam Co river of flood 2000 Figure 5.11: Water level (Scenario 1) some nodes along Phuoe Xuyen channel flood 2000 Figure 5.12: Husteation of agricultural cultivation periods and water level Figure 5.13: Hlustration to separate Field cells Figure 5.14: Simulation flood inundation map on 30/Aug before have flood control Figure 5.15: Simulation flood inundation map on O1/Nov before have flood control Figure 5.16: Simulation flood inundation map on 30/Aug for Sub-scenario 3 (Seenario 2) 4I Figure 5.17: Simulation flood inundation map n 01/Nov for Sub-scenario 3 (Scenario 2) Figure 5.18: Simulation flood inundation map on 30/Aug for Sub-scenariol (Scenario 3) 43 Figure 5.19: Simulation flood inundation map on 01/Nov forSub-scenariol (Scenario 3) 4 Figure 6.1 ‘The stages of construction for implementation plan in Scenario? sị Figure 62: ‘The stages of construction for implementation plan in Secnario3 2 Figure 6.3: “The relationship between present & interest rates 1 LIST OF FIGURES Figure Title Page Figure 6.4: Cash flow graph of not benefits and costs 1 Figure 5.20: Flood inundation map on 30/Aug before flood control (Scenario!) Figure 5.21 Flood inundation map on 01/Noy before flood control (Scenario 1) 86 Figure 5.22: Flood inundation map on 30/Aug for Sub-1 (Scenario 2) a7 Figure 523 Flood inundation map on O1/Nov for Sub-l (Scenario 2) 88 Figure 4: Flood inundation map on 30/Aug for Sub-2 (Scenario 2) 9 Figure 525 Flood inundation map on OL/Nov for Sub-2 (Scenario 2) sở Figure 526 Flood inundation map on 30/Aug for Sub-3 (Scenario 2) Figure S27: Flood inundation map on O1/Nov for Sub-3 (Scenario 2) Figure 5.28: Flood inundation map on 30/Aug for Sub-4 (Scenario 2) Figure 5.2: Flood inundation map on OL/Nov for Sub-4 (Scenario 2) Figure 530 Flood inundation map on 30/Aug for Sub-1 (Scenario 3) Figure $31 Flood inundation map on O1/Nov for Sub-l (Scenario 3) Figure $.32: Flood inundation map on 30/Aug for Sub-2 (Scenario 3) Figure 5.33 Flood inundation map on 01/Noy for Sub-2 (Scenario 3) Figure 5.34: Flood inundation map on {O/Aug for Sub-3 (Scenario 3) Figure 5.35 Flood inundation map on 01/No for Sub-3 (Scenario 3) 100 Figure 5.36: Flood inundation map on 30/Aug for Sub-4 (Scenario 3) lôi Figure S37 Flood inundation map on O1/Nov for Sub-4 (Scenario 3) 102 Figure 5.38: Flood inundation map on 30/Aug for Sub-5 (Scenario 3) 103 Figure 5.39: Flood inundation map on O1/Nov for Sub- (Scenario 3) 104 Figure 540 Flood inundation map on 30/Aug for Sub-6 (Scenario 3) 105 Figure S4I Flood inundation map on O1/Nov for Sub-6 (Scenario 3) 106 Figure 540: Flood inundation map on 30/Aug for Sub-7 (Scenario 3) 107 Figure $43 Flood inundation map on O1/Nov for Sub-7 (Scenario 3) 108 LIST OF TABLES Table Title Page ‘Table 4.1: The data collection of stations in study area " Table 42: The information of agricultural production in region 19 ‘Table $.2: The area of field cells 31 ‘Table 5.7: Flood water level at 30/August (Summer-Autumn) before and after have flood control alternatives in (Scenario 2) 35 ‘Table 5.8: Flood water level at O1/Nov (Spring-Winter) before and after have flood controL alternatives in (Scenario 2) 35 ‘Table 5.9: Flood water level at 30/August (Summer-Autumn) before and after have flood.
control alternatives (Scenario 3) 36 ‘Table 5.10: Flood water level aLĐ1/Nov (Spring-Winter) before and after have flood control alternatives (Scenario 3) 36 Table 5.11: Summarize calculation results of inundation area in Summer-Autumn season after completed flood control construction (Scenario2) 4 ‘Table 5.12: Summarize caleuladion results of inundation area in Winter-Spring season after completed flood control construction (Scenario 2) 46 Table 5.13: Calculation results of inundation area in Summer-Autumn season after completed Food control construction (Scenario 3) 47 ‘Table 5.14: Calculation results of flood inundation area in Winter-Spring season after completed flood control construction (Seenario 3) 48 ‘Table 6.1: The stage for construction in scenatio 2 50 Table 6.2: The stage for construction in scenario 3 30 Table 6.3: Scenario3: Alternatives for floodwater drainage in field internal by horizontal channel systems 3 ‘Table 64: Seenario3: Alternatives for floodwater drainage in internal field by channel systems parallel with Tien river 35 Table 6.5: Investment throughout the stages for scenario 2 38 Table 6.6: Investment throughout the stages for scenario 3 38 ‘Table 6.7: Calculation results of flood inundation area in Summer-Autumn season of Sub- scenariol (Scenario 2) before and afler have stages construction 6 LIST OF TABLES Table Title Page ‘Table 6.8: Calculation results of flood inundation area in Winter-Spring season of Sub. scenario! (scenario 2) before and after have stages construction.29: Summarize calculation results Initial investment cost and economic damage reducing on scenario? after have stages construction 65 ‘Table 6.30: Summarize calculation results initial investment cost and economic damage ‘reducing on scenatio3 after have slages construction 66 Table 6.31: Summarize calculation results of Economic Benefits and Costs Analysis forall scenarios as mentioned above contents as shown below.32: Shows the cash flow in Investment, Operation and Maintenance (O&M), and Benefits of Alternative A 6s Table 6.33: Shows the cash flow in Investment, Operation and Maintenance (O&M), and Benefits of Altemative B “ ‘able 6.43: Comparison and select between alertative A and altemative B 0 ‘Table 6.4: Sensitivity analysis or different interest rate for alternative A 10 ‘Table 6.45: Summarize calculation results benefilveosts analysis for alternatives n Table 6.54: Summarize calculation and comparisons results for alternative A & alternative B n ‘Table 5.3: Max water level calculation results along rivers and channels before & after have flood control (Scenario 2) 81 ‘Table 54: Max water level calculation results along rivers and channels before & after have flood control (Scenario 3) 2 Table 5.5: Max flood water level at field cells before and after have flood control alternatives (Scenario 2) 83 ‘Table 5.6: Max flood water level at field cells before and after have flood control alternatives (Scenario 3) 84 Table 6.