MINISTRY OF EDUCATION AND TRAINING FOREIGN TRADE UNIVERSITY MASTER THESIS EVALUATION OF DECISION-MAKING POLICY ON PUBLIC - PRIVATE PARTNERSHIP TRANSPORT PROJECTS IN VIETNAM Specialization: International Trade Policy and Law NGUYEN THI MINH HIEU Hanoi - 2023 MINISTRY OF EDUCATION AND TRAINING FOREIGN TRADE UNIVERSITY MASTER THESIS EVALUATION OF DECISION-MAKING POLICY ON PUBLIC - PRIVATE PARTNERSHIP TRANSPORT PROJECTS IN VIETNAM Major: International Economics Specialization: International Trade Policy and Law Code: 8310106 Full name: Nguyen Thi Minh Hieu Supervisor: Dr. Ly Hoang Phu Hanoi - 2023 i DECLARATION I hereby state that the work is that of the author solely except where due acknowledgement has been made. The contents and results of this Thesis are completely honest. The information, data and documents which are collected from various sources for analysis and evaluation have been fully cited in the main content and in the references list of this master thesis as well.
I make this statement in full knowledge of and understanding that, should it be found to be false, I will not receive a grade and may face disciplinary proceedings. Nguyen Thi Minh Hieu July 2023 ii ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS The Master program in International Trade Policy and Law at the Foreign Trade University presents a remarkable opportunity for me to fulfill my aspirations to find effective tools for policy creation and evaluation. I would like to express my deepest gratitude to Foreign Trade University, Faculty of Graduate Studies, teachers, and other specialists, who always supports during my study with their knowledge, encouragement and sharing. My sincerest gratitude goes to my supervisor, Dr.
Ly Hoang Phu, for his intellectual advice and guidance over my thesis. His knowledgeable advice is a compass for my journey throughout my dissertation. This endeavor would not have been possible without inspiration, enthusiasm, and dedication from the lecturers of Assoc. Hoang Xuan Binh, Assoc.
Nguyen Thi Tuong Anh, Dr. Luong Thi Ngoc Oanh. I have been enlightened with new horizons from knowledge from each session, which I have applied in this thesis. iii TABLE OF CONTENT DECLARATION.
ii TABLE OF CONTENT. iii LIST OF EQUATIONS. vi LIST OF FIGURES. vii LIST OF TABLES.
viii LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS. Rationales for the research. Objective and scope of the study. Theoretical framework OF EVALUATION OF DECISION- MAKING POLICY ON PPP TRANSPORT PROJECT.
Overview of Evaluation of Decision-making policy on PPP transport project. Key definitions and History of Evaluation of Decision-making policy on PPP transport project. Process of Evaluation of Decision-making policy on PPP transport project. Stakeholders of Evaluation of Decision-making policy on PPP transport project.
Criteria to Evaluate Decision-making policy on PPP transport project 16 1. Case studies of evaluating decision-making policy on PPP transport project in some countries. Evaluate policy on decision-making in Koudougou Bus Station in Burkina Faso. Evaluate policy on decision-making in Delhi-Gurgaon Toll Road Project in India.
ANALYSIS OF DECISION-MAKING POLICY ON PPP TRANSPORT PROJECT IN VIETNAM. Overview of Evaluation of Decision-making policy on PPP transport project in Vietnam. Key Definitions and History of Evaluation of Decision-making policy on PPP transport project in Vietnam. Process of Evaluation of Decision-making policy on PPP transport projects in Vietnam.
Stakeholder of Evaluation of Decision-making policy on PPP transport project in Vietnam. Apply Evaluation Criteria to Decision-making Policy on PPP transport project in Vietnam. Some case studies of Decision-making policy on PPP transport project in Vietnam. Evaluate policy on decision-making in Binh Loi PPP project.
Evaluate policy on decision-making North-South expressway PPP project. Evaluate policy on decision-making Thai Nguyen - Cho Moi PPP project. Assessment of Decision-making policy on PPP transport project in Vietnam. Strengths of Decision-making policy on PPP transport project in Vietnam.
Weaknesses of Decision-making policy on PPP transport project in Vietnam. RECOMMENDATIONS FOR DECISION-MAKING POLICY ON PPP TRANSPORT PROJECT IN VIETNAM. Document relating to orientation of Decision-making policy on PPP transport project in Vietnam. Recommendations to Policymakers.
Solutions to other Stakeholders in Decision-making policy on PPP transport project. Recommendations to Decision-making Authority. Recommendations to Competent Authority. Recommendations to Project Assessment Board.
Recommendations to Preparing Unit .76 LIST OF REFERENCES .77 LIST OF LEGAL DOCUMENTS. an example of legal basis of a PPP project. an example of a BOT project financial analysis .87 vi LIST OF EQUATIONS Equation 1. NPV by Discounted Cash Flow method.
NPV by Adjusted Present Value method. IRR by algebraic method. BCR by Traditional method. BCR by Present value method.
Economic NPV as regulated by Vietnam law. Economic IRR as regulated by Vietnam law. BCR as regulated by Vietnam law. Return on Equity as regulated by Vietnam law.
Discount rate as regulated by Vietnam law .50 vii LIST OF FIGURES Figure 1. Criteria to evaluate policy on decision-making PPP transport project. Process of PPP project in Vietnam. Process of decision-making PPP transport project in Vietnam .32 viii LIST OF TABLES Table 2.
Current legal framework on PPP transport project decision-making in Vietnam. Bases for PPP transport project decision-making in Vietnam. Benefits for users of North - South expressways compared to national highway. Advantages and disadvantages of DCF and APV method in NPV calculation.
Advantages and disadvantages of Trial and Error or Iterative and Algebraic Approach method in IRR calculation. Advantages and disadvantages of Traditional and Present Value method in BCR calculation .70 ix LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS Abbreviation Meaning APV Adjusted Present Value BCR Benefit - Cost Ratio BOT Build - Operate - Transfer DCF Discounted Cash Flow IRR Internal Rate of Return NPV Net Present Value PPP Public - Private Partnership SPV Special Purpose Vehicle VOC Value of Cost VOT Value of Time x ABSTRACT Public-private partnerships have emerged as a popular approach to infrastructure development in Vietnam, with the government partnering with private entities to finance and operate transport projects. However, the success of these partnerships greatly depends on the decision-making policy implemented by the government. Therefore, evaluating the effectiveness of this policy is crucial to ensure the efficient and sustainable development of transportation infrastructure in Vietnam.
This study aims to evaluate the decision-making policy on PPP transport projects in Vietnam by effective and efficiency criteria. The findings reveal that, Vietnam's policy for decision-making on PPP transport project is not fully effective and efficient. The findings of this evaluation will provide valuable insights for policymakers, government agencies, and private sector entities involved in PPP transport projects in Vietnam. By identifying gaps and areas for improvement in the decision-making policy, this study aims to contribute to the development of more effective and efficient PPP projects, ultimately improving the transportation infrastructure and services in Vietnam.
Rationales for the research Vietnam's rapid economic growth in recent decades has led to an increase in the demand for improvements to the country's infrastructure, especially in the transportation sector. Among these, the government has begun exploring Public- Private Partnership (PPP) models to attract private investment and expertise in the development, operation, and maintenance of transportation infrastructure projects. According to Ministry of Transport, from the first PPP legal document in 1997 to now, Vietnam has mobilized about 224 projects with a total investment of approximately 674.080 trillion VND for the development of transportation infrastructure through PPP methods (such as BOT, BT, BOO contracts). Of these, the Ministry of Transport has mobilized 72 projects with a total investment of about 247.575 trillion VND for the construction of approximately 2,690 km of national roads and highways, while localities have mobilized 152 projects with a total investment of about 426.
Regarding investment sectors, most projects are carried out in the field of road transport, with 214 road projects with a total investment of about 656.877 trillion VND (accounting for approximately 97%), while the remaining sectors have only 10 projects with a total investment of 17. Vietnam Chamber of Commerce and Industry (VCCI) shows that, PPPs have contributed significantly to Vietnam's transport infrastructure development. The study found that between 1992 and 2014, the total investment in transport infrastructure projects through PPPs accounts for 17% of total investment in this sector. From the statistic above, it is obvious that PPP project plays a big role in the socio-economic development of Vietnam.
Among PPP investment sectors, the transport sector has implemented the most PPP projects and accounted for a large proportion in the mobilization of resources not only in this sector but also in mobilizing private resources in national construction. Hence, evaluating the policy 2 of PPP transport project decision-making is a vital tool for successfully making use of this investment. Evaluating the decision-making policy of PPP transport projects is crucial for several reasons. Firstly, it can provide insights into the PPP models and their potential for improving infrastructure development, which is a driving force for socio-economic development.
Secondly, it provide a framework for effective and efficient decision-making, ensuring consistency across different projects within an organization, and different projects within organizations. Thirdly, PPP transport projects in Vietnam have faced numerous challenges related to planning, development, and implementation. These challenges have hindered the success of PPP projects and negatively impacted public welfare and economic growth. Evaluating PPP transport projects can help identify the factors affecting their success and failure, and subsequently inform policymaking to improve the regulatory framework and implementation of PPP projects.
In summary, evaluation of decision-making policy on PPP transport project in Vietnam is important because it can provide useful insights into the PPP models, identify challenges, and inform policymaking to improve consitent regulatory framework and implementation of PPP projects to achieve effectiveness, efficiency of sustainable development goals. Objective and scope of the study Objective The objective of the dissertation revolves around conducting a comprehensive analysis and assessment of decision-making policy on PPP transport project. Scope Scope of time: the research focuses on the policy on decision-making for PPP transport projects within the timeframe from 1997 to 2022. 3 Scope of geography: the research focuses on the policy on decision-making for PPP transport projects in Vietnam.
Research also introduces International experiences of Non-government Organizations (such as the World Bank and the Asian Development Bank), and foreign countris include Burkina Faso and India. Research question The research question is: What is policy on decision-making PPP transport project and what recommendations for Vietnam to make policy both effectiveness, and efficiency to achieve the desired outcomes? 4. Methodology Research design and approach The research design for this study is a mixed-methods approach. The study will use both quantitative and qualitative research techniques to collect data on the decision-making policy PPP transport project in Vietnam.
This approach is well-suited to the research question as it allows for a more comprehensive analysis of the issue and provides the opportunity to triangulate data from multiple sources. The study will use interviews and document analysis to collect data on PPP project decision-making process. The data will be analyzed using both qualitative and quantitative data analysis techniques. Additionally, this thesis find criteria to evaluate policy on decision-making policy on PPP transport project, introduce Vietnam decision-making policy on PPP transport project, then analyze, compare, and give some recommendations for Vietnam.
Data collection methods The data collection methods used for this study will be interviews and document analysis. The interview will be conducted among PPP project decision- makers in Vietnam to collect information about the main criteria and factors used in selecting PPP projects. Document analysis will be used to examine international experience, relevant policies, laws, and regulations governing PPP projects in 4 Vietnam. These data collection methods will ensure a complete and balanced representation of perspectives on PPP project decision-making in Vietnam.
Ethical considerations The ethical considerations for this study will include obtaining informed consent from all participants, protecting their confidentiality, and respecting their rights to privacy. All data collected during the study will be kept confidential and anonymous to ensure participants' privacy and protect their interests.