MINISTRY OF TRAINING MINISTRY OF AGRICULTURE AND AND EDUCATION RURAL DEVELOPMENT THUY LOI UNIVERSITY Nguyen Thi Lien APPLICATIONS OF REMOTE SENSING AND GIS TO MAPPING LAND COVER CHANGE IN SON LA PROVINCE Master Thesis MINISTRY OF TRAINING MINISTRY OF AGRICULTURE AND AND EDUCATION RURAL DEVELOPMENT THUY LOI UNIVERSITY Nguyen Thi Lien APPLICATIONS OF REMOTE SENSING AND GIS TO MAPPING LAND COVER CHANGE IN SON LA PROVINCE Field of study: Disaster Mitigation Master Thesis Advisors: Assoc. Hoang Thanh Tung Dr. Vu Thanh Tu ACKNOWLEDGEMENT I am indebted to my respected Assoc. Hoang Thanh Tung and Dr.
Vu Thanh Tu who work as lecturers in Department of Hydrology and Water resources in Thuy Loi University for their continuous guidance, advice and expedience from the proposal preparation to thesis finalization. Their constructive comments, untiring help, guidance and practical suggestions inspired me to accomplish this work successfully. Besides, I am especially grateful to Dr. Nguyen Quoc Khanh and members in the Department of Geologycal and Remote Sensing in Vietnam Institute of Geosciences and Mineral Resources (VIGMR) who supported me in terms of the data collection and gave me useful advices for my thesis.
I remember all those who have contributed directly or indirectly to successfully completing my study. Finally, I must express my very profound gratitude to my family for providing me with unfailing support and continuous encouragement throughout my years of study and through the process of researching and writing this thesis. This accomplishment would not have been possible without them. Hanoi, May 11" 2017 Nguyen Thi Lien DECLRATION I hereby certify the work which is being presented in this thesis entitled, “APPLICATIONS OF REMOTE SENSING AND GIS TO MAPPING LAND COVER CHANGE IN SON LA PROVINCE” in partial fulfillment of the requirement for the award of the Master of Disaster Management, is an authentic record of my own work carried out under supervision of Assoc.
Hoang Thanh Tung and Dr. Vu Thanh Tu. The matter embodied in this thesis has not been submitted by me for the award of any other degree or diploma. Date: Nguyen Thi Lien il ABSTRACT The thesis “Application of remote sensing and GIS to mapping of land cover changes in Son La province" was carried out and finished in May 2017.
Purpose of the thesis is to study and apply remote sensing technology and GIS in mapping changes of land cover in Son La Province. To meet the thesis requirements, the following tasks have been implemented: Study of land cover, remote sensing and GIS theories. Collection of satellite imagery data and statistical data for classification, intepretation of land cover maps over years. Implementation of sptial analisis in GIS for evaluation of land cover change map.
Conclusions about the results achieved and the assessment methodology. After the implementation process, the subject has obtained some results: Land cover map of Son La province in 1999 and 2015 with 7 types of land cover: bush, lake-river, natural forest, planted forest, bare soil, agricultural land, specialized land. Land cover changes map in Son La province during 1999-2015. With the results achieved, remote sensing technology and GIS can be seen as effective methods with relatively high accuracy, cost savings in classification and catalytic activity.
11 Abbreviation GIS Geographic Information System TM Thematic mapper ETM Enhanced Thematic Mapper MLC Maximum Like hood classifer method ROI Region Of Interest K Kapa CB Bush SH Lake — river RTN Natural forest RT Planted forest DT Bare soil DNN Agricultural DCD Specialized land 1V TABLE OF CONTENTS INTRODUCTION. HH HH 0000100 000000050909084 1 Research rationale 0. 1 Main objective of the r€S€aTCH:.- 0 5 1112101193011 0112 ng HH ve 1 Subject and scope of the research .-- G2 3211331188 1113 111911 9111 11 1g ng ng ng 1 Structure of the research ew. ee 5 c1 9301 391 910 910v HH HH nh nh 1 CHAPTER I: LITERATURE REVIE WS.
Overall study on applications of Remote Sensing and GIS in mapping land cover Changes 1n the 407¡01. Overall study on applications of Remote Sensing and GIS in mapping land cover Changes 1n VietNam. Approach of the r€S€aTC. -- c1 TH Họ HH key 7 1.
The remote sensing is used for monitoring land cover changes .2 GIS spatial analysis is used for evaluation of land cover changes. 14 CHAPTER II: RESEARCH ON THE APPLICATION OF REMOSTE SENSING AND GIS IN ESTABLISHMENT OF LAND COVER CHANGE MAP OF SON LA PROVINCC|E. Overview Of StUCY AT€A. HH TH TH HH nh 17 2.
Natural and socIo-economic CONCITIONS. Characteristics of land cover in the study ar€a. Data collection and afiaÏYS1S. Remote sensing đafa.
cece «+ 4 +31 TT HH 19 2. Land USE Status. Field SUIVCY oo. Preprocess of remote SENSING IMALE .- 5 «cv HT TH HH 26 2.
Enhance image Visibility. -- -- - <2 3111891118911 13911 19111 9 1 vn vn rry 26 2. CŒ@OIm€fTIC COTT€CfIOT1.- G13 E91111 1911 91011 TH HH HH ghi Hà 28 2. Image classification Im€thO.
Unsupervised classification methO(. Supervised classification mmethOC. Evaluate accuracy and image processing after classificafion. Evaluate the accuracy after classification.
Image processing after classification 0. Establish land cover map and land cover change map. Establish land Cover ImaD.-- 5 (5 + 113 ng ng tr 37 2.Establish land cover Change Im4D.- 5 - << 2 11993 E991 E9 vn re 38 CHAPTER III: RESULTS AND DISCUSSIONS. Image classification results 1n 19.- -- + xxx ng HH re 40 3.
Image classification results 1n 2015 .- --- --- 5 + 2+ x11 ng ng it 44 3. Established results of land cover change maD.-- s5 5+ + ++seseeereseeeesers 46 CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDA TIONG. on 1 0e 51 BH 0)0)0 tn EES 51 2.csccsscsssccscsscssssenccseccscsssccsscssssescssscssscesscesessscsssssssssscesscssssssssocssoeesess 53 vi LIST OF FIGURES Figure 1. Overview Of r€S€ATCH.
G1 TH ng TH HH Hit 8 Figure 2 Remote sensing image DFOC€SSITE,.-- 5 + 11 931 911 1 9 1 nh ng triệt 9 Figure 3.Spectral reflective characteristics of some of the main natural objects. Scene P128-R45 covers 90% area of Son La province. Land use map in Son La province in 2005 .- --c c + k*sv+skEserseeseree 24 Figure 6. Field survey of sample points .-- - << 11191119111 91 1993 19 vn ng rưy 25 Figure 7.
Enhance image VISIDIÏIEV.-- -- << +1 11191 91119 1x HH ng ky 27 Figure 8. Image before and after being enhanced image qualIty. Landsat 7 image in 1999 after geometric grafting and correcfion. Landsat 8 image in 2015 after geometric grafting and correction.
Select the sample area. Check the difference between the samples .Use the Crosstab tool in the IDRISI software to calculate sub-carpets fÏUC{UAfIOTNS.Photo classification result 1n I ,. Image classification results 1n 2 ÏŠ,.-- -- -- + ++< 1+ E**EE+eeEEseereeeerrsersee 44 Figure 16. Land cover change map in Son La province .- 5 5< s*S<*sssksseerses 50 Vil LIST OF TABLES Table 1.Some interpretation signs on the fake color combination of SPOT satellite TMA QOS.
Distribution of vegetation cover and current land use status in 2011. Remote sensing image (Ìafa. - - -- c1 1191119111191 9 11 9111 8111 ng vn rưy 20 Table 4. Land use status of Son La province in 2005 as folÏOWS:.
Statistics of sample scores for each type Of COVED. Some interpretive patterns used in the topic. Error! Bookmark not defined. Assessment accuracy according to Kappa coefficientand overall accuracy for 1999 image classification results in Son La province.
Statistics of area covered by each type of cover in Son La province in 1999. Statistics of area covered by each type of cover in districts of Son La PTOVINCE IN 1999. Assessment of accuracy according to Kappa coefficientand overall accuracy for image classification in 2015 in Son La DTOVITCG. Statistics of cover area of each type of cover in Son La province in 1999.
Statistics of area covered by each kind of cover in districts of Son La PFOVINCE IN n1. The number of pixel land cover change between 1999 and 20015 in Son La PIOVINCE. Pixel ratio changes in two periods 1999 and 2015 in Son La province. Evaluate the maturation variation in stage 1999-2015.---c«++<<s+ssc<ss 49 Vili INTRODUCTION Research rationale Land is an extremely precious natural resource, a special production material.
Land is the living environment of humans as well as creatures, the territory of population distribution, construction of economic, cultural, national security works. Today, due to population increase, urban development, socioeconomic growth and other problems are currently having large impacts on land, especially for Son La province. Up until now on the territory of Son La province there have been 49 hydropower plants, which have considerable impact on the narrowed forest area. Standing before such pressure, land and ground decks also convulse non-stop with the development of society.
This is a special resource that can be exploited for use but cannot be increased in terms of quantity. Thus the monitoring, research, management and usage of this resource effectively and reasonably are a very important matter. Remote sensing technology is applied more and more widely in many sectors, many fields — hydrology, geology, environment to agriculture — forestry — fishery. in which land cover changes is monitored with high accuracy, from which it can help managers to acquire more materials to supervise the convulsion of Land use.
This can be considered one of the solutions to the problems set out. On the other hand this method has not been applied for piloting in Son La province. Thus, the topic of “Remote sensing and GIS application for establishment of land cover changes map of Son La province” was selected to perform for my thesis. Main objective of the research The main objective of the research is to study remote sensing and GIS and their applications in assessment of land cover changes.
A case study is then applied to Son La province of Vietnam during the 1999-2015 periods. Subject and scope of the research Subjects of the research are Remote Sensing, GIS and their applications in mapping land covers and in assessing of land cover changes. Scope of the research is Son La Province in the Northern Part of Vietnam. Structure of the research In additional to the Introduction, Conclusion and Recomendation, the thesis is structured in 3 chapters as the followings: Chapter I: Literature review.
In this chapter the author focus on researching the theoretical basis on the decks on the surface of the earth and domestic and foreign researches on the application of remote sensing and GIS in research of land cover changes and Land use. In addition in this chapter the author shall also orientate the research, and generalize the steps of data collection, image analysis and role of remote sensing — GIS in research of land cover convulsion. Chapter IT: Research of remote sensing and GIS application in establishment of land cover changes map of Son La province. In this chapter the author focus on researching the following issues: - Overview of research area: The status quo of the research area land cover.
- Data collection and analysis: Remote sensing data, Land use status, field survey data. - Pre-processing of remote sensing image: Radiation correction, image quality enhancement, geometry correction. - Methods of image classification, post-classification accuracy assessment. - Methods of land cover changes map establishment.
Chapter III: Results and Discussions. In this chapter the author shall present the achieved results such as: - Land cover classification result of 1999. - Land cover classification result of 2015. - Land cover changes map during the period of 1999-2015.
CHAPTER I LITERATURE REVIEWS 1. Overall study on applications of Remote Sensing and GIS in mapping land cover changes in the World In the world, research topics on the convulsion of land use form for analysis, assessment, and forecast of development have been applied fairly widely.