MINISTRY OF EDUCATION & TRAINING STATE BANK OF VIET NAM BANKING UNIVERSITY HO CHI MINH CITY TRẦN VÕ TƯỜNG VI THE IMPACT OF PRIVATE SECTOR CREDIT BY BANKS ON ECONOMIC GROWTH: THE CASE OF VIET NAM GRADUATION THESIS MAJOR: FINANCE – BANKING CODE: 7340201 Ho Chi Minh City, 2021 MINISTRY OF EDUCATION & TRAINING STATE BANK OF VIET NAM BANKING UNIVERSITY HO CHI MINH CITY TRẦN VÕ TƯỜNG VI THE IMPACT OF PRIVATE SECTOR CREDIT BY BANKS ON ECONOMIC GROWTH: THE CASE OF VIET NAM GRADUATION THESIS MAJOR: FINANCE – BANKING CODE: 7340201 STUDENT NUMBER: 030805170084 CLASS: HQ5-GE03 SUPERVISOR TRẦN NGUYỄN MINH HẢI, PhD. Ho Chi Minh City, 2021 ii ABSTRACT The graduation thesis entitled ―THE IMPACT OF PRIVATE SECTOR CREDIT BY BANKS ON ECONOMIC GROWTH: THE CASE OF VIET NAM‖ will focus on the relationship between domestic credit provided by banks to the private sector and Vietnamese economic growth. This relationship was concluded positive nexus by many writers that interested in this topic. Therefore, this study re-examines this connection, however, in the case of Viet Nam.
This paper determines the effect of domestic credit provided by banks to the private sector on the economic growth between 1995 and 2019 in Viet Nam. Specifically, this paper is going to collect secondary data from reliable organizations to analyze the effect of domestic credit provided by banks to the private sector on economic development by using three variables, which is popular and suitable with research objectives, as independent variables include domestic credit provided by banks to the private sector (CPS); gross capital formation (INV); lending interest rate (RATE), and the economic growth is represented by gross domestic product (GDP) that based on a synthesized of the variables analyzed in the previous studies. This study approaches the Autoregressive Distributed Lag (ARDL) model to determine the long- term as well as the short-term relationship between the domestic credit provided by banks to the private sector and the growth of the Vietnamese economy. The findings result show that all independent variables have significance in the economy.
Particularly, domestic credit provided by banks to the private sector positively impacts the economic enhancement in the long-run period. However, it is inverse in the short run. Finally, this study also suggests some recommendations to the State Bank of Viet Nam about the effect of factors under this study based on (i) the development orientations; (ii) the theoretical framework; (iii) the empirical result of the impact of the domestic credit provided by banks to the private sector on the growth of Viet Nam economy about each factor included in the domestic credit provided by banks to the private sector, the domestic investment, and the interest rate. This study also presents limitations and research direction of the topic.
iii COMMITMENT The author undertakes an honorable commitment to this graduation thesis, specifically as follows: Full name: Trần Võ Tường Vi, class: HQ5-GE03, student number: 030805170084. I am is currently a full-time university student with a high-quality program at the Banking University of Ho Chi Minh City. The graduation thesis was completed under the guidance of Trần Nguyễn Minh Hải, Ph. Major: Finance – Banking Code: 7340201 This graduation thesis is the author's research, the research results are truthful, in which there are no previously published contents or content made by others except for cited citations in the graduation thesis.
Ho Chi Minh City, April , 2021 The author‘s signature Trần Võ Tường Vi iv ACKNOWLEDGEMENT The author would also like to express my deep gratitude to the instructors Trần Nguyễn Minh Hải, PhD., and the teachers of the Banking University of Ho Chi Minh City, as well as family has dedicatedly instructed, helped, and created the best conditions for the author to complete this graduation thesis. Because of the limited time and knowledge of the senior student, it will have some certain mistakes. I look forward to receiving comments and suggestions to improve the graduation thesis. v ABBREVIATIONS ADB Asian Development Bank AFDB African Development Bank ARDL Autoregressive Distributed Lag EIB European Investment Bank FAO Food and Agriculture Organization of the United States FTA Free Trade Agreement FTA Free Trade Agreement GCF Green Climate Fund GDP Gross domestic product GEF Global Environment Facility GNI Gross national income GSO General Statistics Office of Vietnam HDI Human Development Index IDB Inter-American Development Bank IMF International Monetary Fund MPI Ministry of Planning and Investment PQLI Physical Quality of Life Index R&D Research and Development SME Small and Medium Enterprise VCCI Vietnam Chamber of Commerce and Industry WTO World Trade Organization vi LIST OF TABLES AND FIGURES LIST OF TABLES Table 1.
Design of research process. Classification of the Private Sector. Separation of the Private and Public Sectors Conceptually. Domestic credit provided by banks to the private sector from 1989 to 2018 (% of GDP) according to income category.
Summary of empirical literature about the relationship between domestic credit provided by banks to the private sector and economic development. Summary of the variables from empirical studies. Summary of hypothesis and expected sign. Augmented Dickey Fuller Test.
The optimal lag based on AIC. Long run coefficient estimation using ARDL model. Short run regression analysis using error correction model (ECM). The international Free Trade Agreement in Viet Nam.
Domestic credit growth in Viet Nam from 2003 to 2010 (%).42 vi LIST OF FIGURES Figure 2.1 The importance of economic growth. Number of new business registration in Viet Nam from 2000 to 2019. Four foundations leading to an innovative economy. Domestic credit provided by banks to the private sector in Viet Nam and Lower middle - income countries from 1995 to 2019 (% of GDP).
Channels affecting inflation. Fixed and Total asset accumulation in Viet Nam from 2000 to 2018 (% of GDP). 43 vi TABLE OF CONTENTS ABSTRACT. v LIST OF TABLES AND FIGURES.
vi TABLE OF CONTENTS.viii CHAPTER 1: INTRODUCTION. Reasons for selecting the topic. Research objectives and questions. Overall research objectives.
Specific research objectives. Research scope and subjects. The approach methods. Data collection methods.
Data processing methods. A framework of the research process. Contribution of the research. The composition of the study.5 CHAPTER 2: LITERATURE REVIEWS.
The private sector. The important role of the private sector. Domestic credit provided by banks to the private sector. The important role of domestic credit provided by banks to the private sector.
The economic growth. The importance of economic growth. The effects of domestic credit provided by banks to the private sector on the economic growth. Theoretical framework and empirical literature.
Regression model recommendation.23 Summary of chapter 2. 24 CHAPTER 3: RESEARCH METHODOLOGY. The approach methods. Data collection methods.
Data processing methods. Autoregressive Distributed Lag model & Error Correction model. Specification error model test.33 Summary of chapter 3. 33 CHAPTER 4: RESEARCH RESULTS AND DISCUSSION.
Estimation long run and short run relationship. The nexus between Domestic credit provided by banks to the private sector (CPS) and Gross domestic product (GDP).2 The nexus between Gross capital formation (INV) and Gross domestic product (GDP). The nexus between the Lending interest rate (RATE) and Gross domestic product (GDP). 44 Summary of chapter 4.
44 CHAPTER 5: RECOMMENDATIONS AND CONCLUSIONS. Orientation for the development between 2021 and 2025 in Viet Nam. The economic development objectives. The domestic credit provided by banks to the private sector development objectives.
Limitations and research orientation.49 GRADUATION THESIS SUMMARY.65 1 CHAPTER 1: INTRODUCTION In chapter 1, this study is going to introduce the reason for selecting the topic, objectives, subjects, scope, and research methodology. Reasons for selecting the topic The private sector is the part of the economy that is run for profit by individuals and various size firms rather than the government, which plays an essential role in economic development. As a result, it includes all for-profit enterprises that are not owned or operated by the government (Investopedia, 2020). The private sector is the engine of productivity growth, more income creation, and productive jobs.
First, it provides 90 percent of job vacancies in developing countries (IFC, 2013). Therefore, the private sector also helps the poor overcome poverty and improves their lives. Secondly, the private sector contributes to investment in many public services such as infrastructure, health, education which are essential elements in developing economics. Finally, the private sector provides most of the taxes to the state budget.
Hence, the health of the private sector is the most important thing. The IMF has recently emphasized the nexus between private sector development and inclusive growth (IMF, 2013). Limited to access financial resources is one of the biggest obstacles to firm operation and growth that accounts for 15 percent of total corporations from 2006 to 2010 in the world (EIB, 2011). Commercial banks are crucial sources for financing the private sector in many cases.
Such as investment, research, restructure. Providing funds to the private sector invests indirectly in the growth of economics. Fund sources of the banking system help flexible in the manufacturing process, invest to the new project for-profit purpose. It contributes to supporting employers from the private sector to innovate their technology, research, and development, thereby improving competitive productivity and efficiency in production business activities.
From that, it directly increases the economy (Tran Quan Tuyen, 2009). 2 Domestic credit provided by banks to the private sector is financial resources providing to the private sector by non-central banks depository corporations. Such as loans, purchases of nonequity securities, trade credits, and other accounts receivable set up a claim for repayment (Indexmundi, 2020; WB, 2020). Credit to public enterprises is one of the claims made by some countries.
Monetary authorities, deposit money banks, which available data, included among financial corporations (including those that do not accept deposits with transferable, but they are subject to debts such as term deposits and savings), as well as other financial corporations. Finance and leasing companies, money lenders, insurance companies, pension funds, and foreign exchange companies are examples of other financial corporations (Indexmundi, 2020). There is much research about domestic credit provided by banks to the private sector in every corner of the world (Al-Malkawi &Abdullah, 2011; Mamman & Hashim, 2014; Osman, 2014; Yakubu & Affoi, 2014; Lakštutienė & Barkauskaitė, 2016; Amoo et al., 2017; Gbenga et al. These empirical researches use many analysis methodologies and time-series data.
However, most conclusions show a positive connection between domestic credit provided by banks to the private sector and the development of economics. On the other hand, some writers determine it negatively impacts the economy (Mohamed & Sidiropoulos, 2008; Leitão, 2012; Takats & Upper, 2013; Tahir et al. Moreover, there are many journals, reports about the increase of domestic credit provided by banks to the private sector in Viet Nam. Because of the lack of studies examine the relationship between domestic credit provided by banks to the private sector and the development of economics in Viet Nam, this study will determine this nexus.
This study entitled: ―THE IMPACT OF PRIVATE SECTOR CREDIT BY BANKS ON ECONOMIC GROWTH: THE CASE OF VIET NAM‖. Specifically, this paper collects secondary data from reliable organizations to analyze through a quantitative analysis method. Thereby, the study will suggest some recommendations to the State Bank and the financial intermediaries which providing funds to the private sector from the empirical results. Research objectives and questions 1.
Overall research objectives The study aims to analyze the effect of domestic credit provided by banks to the private sector on the growth of Viet Nam economics. From that, this study can 3 conclude and suggest some recommendations about the impact of domestic credit provided by banks to the private sector on economic growth. Specific research objectives This study will focus on some specific objectives to achieve the target: To use a regression model to examine the impact of domestic credit provided by banks to the private sector on Viet Nam economics. To suggest some recommendations to the effect of domestic credit provided by banks to the private sector on the economic growth of Viet Nam.