HO CHI MINH CITY UNIVERSITY OF TECHNOLOGY AND EDUCATION FACULTY FOR HIGH QUALITY TRAINING PROJECT OF MECHATRONIC SYSTEM IOT PARKING LOT SYSTEM NGUYEN DUY KHANH Student ID: 18146028 DINH CONG DANH Student ID: 18146009 HUYNH HUU HAI TRIEU Student ID: 18146065 Major: MECHATRONICS ENGINEERING Advisor: BUI HA DUC, PhD. Ho Chi Minh City, December 2021 Table of Contents Abstract 1 Chapter 1: OVERVIEW 2 1. Problems in Vietnam 2 1. Suitable solutions for current parking lot status in our country 3 1.
IoT Parking Lot Demand 5 1. Misidentification of IoT Parking Lot 6 1. Project Goal 6 Chapter 2: LITERATURE REVIEW 7 2. Demand for parking lot in Vietnam 7 2.
Global smart parking systems market size 8 2. Available technologies used in smart parking lot 9 2. Image processing technique 9 2. RFID Techinique 12 Chapter 3: DESIGN AND IMPLEMENTATION 15 3.
Module RFID RC522 20 3. 16x02 LCD Display Module 21 3. Servo motor SG90 26 3. Web server system design 29 3.
Algorithm model for license plate recognition 33 3. Identify occupancy in the parking lot 41 3. Transfer data to web server 44 Chapter 5: CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATIONS 47 5.3 Project improvements 47 Figure 1. Traffic congestion in metropolises on peak hours 2 Figure 1.
The vacant lands become temporary parking, significantly affecting urban beauty. Using ultrasonic control sensors in parking lot 4 Figure 1. Detect occupancy by image processing 5 Figure 1. The penetration rate of “smart” parking spaces in the public domain reached 11% in 2018 and is expected to reach 16% by 2023 5 Figure 2.
Self-spontaneous parking lot rise throughout the city because people's parking needs rise 7 Figure 2. Global parking system market size predicted 9 Abstract In recent years, large cities of Vietnam have implemented many measures to develop static traffic in urban areas. However, plans to overcome the lack of parking lots have not yet promoted efficiency. Therefore, application of IoT for parking lots is completely necessary, when traditional parking lots cannot meet the increasing demand for vehicles today.
In addition, It is also impossible not to mention the remarkable role of IoT. This is a network connecting devices together, in which devices can transmit information and data with each other without human intervention. Moreover, we apply machine vision in identifying vehicle license plates and available places, then transfer data to our website to be able to easily control and help customers to capture the status of the parking lot. Besides, we also encountered many difficulties in the idea and deploying a smart parking lot.
First, it can be mentioned as the process of collecting data on license plates so that the system can learn and identify Vietnam's license plate. Second, it is a challenge for us to design a website and send data to it, as we take a lot of time to be able to build a website and transmit data as well as information up completely. Finally, the system is almost complete when it is possible to identify and analyze the number of license plates, count the remaining space up to 90% and transfer data to the website correctly. Problems in Vietnam In metropolises, the large population entails that the moving needs of the people increases and also directly increase individual vehicles.
City managers should solve some issues about flow traffic so that minimizes traffic jams in peak hours, building additional infrastructure such as highways, undergrounds, expanding additional routes to meet the density of vehicles, and developing a lot of parking lots to serve the demand for residents. For instance, in some large cities of our country today, like Ho Chi Minh City, finding a parking lot in the city center is very difficult, because the car traffic daily in the city is always bigger a lot compared to the number of built-in parking lots. So users are difficult to find parking lot to send their vehicles. Traffic congestion in metropolises on peak hours Not only that, the lack of measures to develop static traffic in the city has contributed to slowing the progress of building new parking lot.
Besides, plans to overcome the lack of parking lots have not yet been effective because investors have not seen their potential. Currently, the condition of parking lot is gradually becoming a problem in big cities in our country on Tet holidays and as usual days. Meanwhile, there are also a lot of spontaneous parking lots with the aim of profit from people's car deposits but does not guarantee security, quality management and especially taking ticket prices very expensive, making many parts of people dissatisfied. So it can be seen that the demand for smart and safe parking at the moment is currently extremely large.
The vacant lands become temporary parking, significantly affecting urban beauty. Spontaneous parking lots have lost the aesthetics of the urban area without meeting safety and convenience. So we believe that the development of smart parking lot is an urgent need for our current situation. Suitable solutions for current parking lot status in our country Manual counting In order to resolve that need, namely increasing the interaction between car owners and owners of parking, IoT parking lot was established to help customers can capture the situation of the parking lot anywhere.
With current situation, the car owner when it comes to a place, it will be very difficult to find a available place, because they won't know the parking lots around them or not, so updating the parking lot status up to the websites are extremely necessary, that helps the car owner quickly reach where they want to minimize the time on the road, causing traffic jams just because they search for a place to send a car. To do this, there are many common ways to do today that can be listed as. The manual counting method, the owner of the parking lot will hire people who are consecutively counting the parking lot in about 30-60 minutes and updating parking lot status on their website. This manual count is also quite main the corpses for small parking lots and in the beautiful weather conditions, or the day of less cars.
We believe that the countless space with bare eyes is often very time consuming, and cannot be exactly if we increase the project scale to dozens of hectares of land. It is very difficult for employees to manage it all. Ultrasonic control sensors Another method is also used for a long time that is use ultrasonic sensors. This is a method that is usually applied in parking car in commercial centers or high-rise apartments.
The convenience point this way is to reduce labor costs, supervise 24/7 activities without the need for intervention, adjustation of people, vehicle directions to the desired parking area during low hours points to save electricity and management, favorable for maintenance, and repair of equipment in the parking lot if necessary, absolute security system, anti-data loss. The downside of the use of sensor systems that we can list, which are not suitable for large-sized car beaches, because it cost a lot of money for sensors to set in a large land. Using ultrasonic control sensors in parking lot Image processing technique As for our IoT parking lot, technology we use in this project, it is a image processing combined with the data transfer method on our website. We suppose this is an effective solution for medium and big parking lots, as it can solve the problems that traditional cars are encountered, while minimizing installation costs as well as appropriate With more terrain than installing sensor system.
Detect occupancy by image processing 1. IoT Parking Lot Demand The IoT parking lot devices are connected to a raspberry that receive control signals from cameras, sensors, or a website. Cameras received the signal and information about license plates and places then Raspberry transmitted to the website to store, so the owner can manage its customer information from a long distance. Especially for big cities, parking problems are difficult to solve effectively.
By 2023, market spending for smart parking products and services was expected to grow with a CAGR 14% and exceed 3.8 billion dollars under the IoT Analytics report. Thanks to growth of market spending, it forced everyone to act to find a specific solution to overcome the problem instead of holding traditional models. The penetration rate of “smart” parking spaces in the public domain reached 11% in 2018 and is expected to reach 16% by 2023 1. Misidentification of IoT Parking Lot Many people believe that the IoT parking lot system does not guarantee enough trust of safety.
Specifically, in order to operate this system, cutting the human resources is obvious, so people will think that there is a lack of people who look after their property. Not only that, they also believe that the device they are monitoring will not be equal to humans. However, despite cutting down human resources, we believe that the IoT Parking Lot System still ensures the ability to protect users' properties. IoT technology allows devices to connect with each other and send data to the website, which allows the supervisor to manage the parking lot from a long distance.
Not only that, using both physical cards and license plates will be a huge obstacle for the crook to aim at our car park. Another problem, many businesses are still hesitating in replacing traditional parking lots with smart parking lots because they think no matter whether to reduce labor, they still have to pay a not small amount of expense in maintaining the IoT parking lot. This is indeed not wrong, but if we look at the parking needs of our country, it will notice the potential of the IoT parking lot system. Indeed, the IoT parking lot system will solve most previous problems of traditional car parks, while increasing performance as well as being convenient, comfortable for customers every time they come here.
This is the goal we targeted. Project Goal In this project, we want to create an IoT parking lot system prototype with all the necessary functions without consuming too much money to prove that an IoT parking lot is a reasonable parking solution for metropolises. In order to resolve the issues that traditional parking lot is encountered and at the same time increasing customer experience when using this service. We build a website to receive data that cameras and sensors transmit to manage our car parking as well as combine those devices and let them operate automatically to somewhen there are any employees looking after the park, the parking lot are able to still operate normally.
Therefore, customers can track the situation of parking lot at anywhere to be able to easily make their decisions easily. Chapter 2: LITERATURE REVIEW 2. Demand for parking lot in Vietnam Realizing the reality of many shortcomings in car parking in Ho Chi Minh City. Our team has launched smart parking lot system.
Thus product are highly appreciated for safety for users while saving time and employee costs. According to the statistics of Ho Chi Minh City Police, the average in the city occurred 50-100 of motorbike losses in which the hospitals, supermarkets, commercial centers, markets, etc accounting for 30%. The main reason is because the crook used a fake ticket, the number plate or the car holder lost the ticket. The idea of the parking system was born from there.
With high security, our team decided to apply this model as the topic for our project. We will provide the actual data to persuade investors, potential partners or readers as your business will attract many customers in a growing business and can guarantee sales out defy competition. This is one of the most important parts of the business plan, including considering the size of the current market and market development trends.