BANKING ACADEMY DEPARTMENT OF FINANCE GRADUATION THESIS Analyzing the financial statements of Manabox Co. to improve financial situation of the company. Student : Nguyen Thi Dieu Linh Class : K23CLCTCB Course : Course 23 Student ID: 23A4050353 Supervisor: MSc. Do Thi Minh Anh Ha Noi, 15 April, 2024 TABLE OF CONTENTS INTRODUCTION.
The urgency of the subject. Object and scope of the study. Structure of the thesis. 4 THEORETICAL FOUNDATIONS OF FINANCIAL STATEMENT ANALYSIS FOR ENTERPRISES.
Concepts, Objectives, and Significance of Financial Statement Analysis. Concept of Financial Statement Analysis. Objectives of financial statement analysis. Significance of financial statement analysis.
Financial statement analysis process. Sources of information used for financial statement analysis. Information source from the balance sheet. Sources of information from the income statement.
Sources of information from the cash flow statement. Information Source from the Notes to Financial Statements. Other Sources of Information. Methods of Financial Statement Analysis.
Method for determining the impact of factors on analytical indicators. Financial ratio analysis method. Dupont analysis method. Content of Financial Report Analysis.
Environmental Macro Analysis. Business Strategy Analysis of Enterprises. Analysis of Business Results of Enterprises. Asset, Capital, and Relationship Analysis on the Balance Sheet.
Cash Flow Situation Analysis. Financial Ratio Analysis. 57 ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL REPORTS OF MANABOX VIETNAM COMPANY LIMITED 2021 – 2023. Introducing Manabox Vietnam Co.
Some basic informations. Overview of activities. Organizational structure and apparatus of the unit. Analyzing financial statements of Manabox Vietnam Co.
Macro environment analysis (PEST). Industry environment analysis. Analyze the business strategy of the enterprise. Analyze business results of the enterprise.
Analyze assets, capital sources and relationships on the balance sheet. Analyze cash flow situation. Analyze financial ratios. Evaluate the financial situation of Manabox Vietnam Co.
Cause of limitation. 106 SOLUTIONS TO IMPROVE THE FINANCIAL SITUATION OF MANABOX VIETNAM COMPANY LIMITED. Increase equity structure for businesses. Optimize capital structure.
Effective cost management. For the State. For the Company. 112 LIST OF ABBREVIATION ABBREVIATIONS MEANING ROA Return on assets ROE Return on equity ROS Return on sales CO., LTD Limited liability company SC Small company LIST OF TABLES TABLES PAGE Table 1.
Management organization of Manabox Vietnam Co. Business performance results of Manabox Vietnam Co. Asset structure table of Manabox Vietnam Co. Capital structure table of Manabox Vietnam Co.
Net working capital table of Manabox Vietnam Co. Table of working capital needs and net budget of 89 – 91 Manabox Vietnam Co. Table of indicators analyzing the operating capacity of 92 – 93 Manabox Vietnam Co. Table of solvency indicators of Manabox Vietnam Co., 94 – 95 Ltd year 2021- 2023 Table 9.
Table of indicators to analyze the financial structure of 95 – 97 Manabox Vietnam Co., Ltd year 2021- 2023 Table 10. Table of indicators to analyze the profitability of 98 – 99 Manabox Vietnam Co., Ltd year 2021- 2023 STATEMENT OF ASSURANCE I assure that my study titled "Financial statement analysis to improve the financial situation of Manabox Vietnam Limited Liability Company" is an independent research project supervised by MSc.Do Thi Minh Anh. It does not replicate content from other studies. The data and findings of my research are entirely truthful and transparent.
I am fully accountable and willing to accept any consequences imposed by the Thesis Committee and Banking Academy in the event of any breach of academic integrity detected in my thesis research. Hanoi, March 25th, 2024 Author Nguyen Thi Dieu Linh ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS To culminate my thesis, I wish to extend my profound gratitude to the esteemed faculty lecturers of the Finance Department at the Banking Academy. Your unwavering support has provided me with invaluable opportunities to engage in scholarly pursuits, hone my skills, and deepen my knowledge, all of which have been instrumental in the successful completion of my thesis. I wish to express my sincere appreciation to MSc.
Do Thi Minh Anh, my esteemed thesis supervisor, and MSc. Nguyen Thi Cam Giang, my esteemed academic advisor, for their exceptional guidance, diligent supervision, and invaluable insights throughout the research process. Their expertise and constructive feedback have significantly enriched the quality of my work. Acknowledging the inherent limitations in my academic journey, I humbly recognize that my thesis may harbor certain deficiencies.
Therefore, I eagerly anticipate and welcome any further guidance and instruction that you may graciously provide. In conclusion, I extend my heartfelt wishes for your continued health, prosperity, and academic success. Thank you, Hanoi, March 25th, 2024 Author Nguyen Thi Dieu Linh INTRODUCTION 1. The urgency of the subject The financial reporting system is the most comprehensive report on the financial situation of the enterprise, on the business results of the enterprise after a business cycle.
Information from the financial reporting system is not only necessary for business managers but is also of interest to investors, state management agencies, employees, and competitors. Therefore, analyzing the financial reporting system is a professional tool that effectively helps each of the mentioned in subjects above. Depending on each subject, the content and analysis methods are different to suit the needs. Manabox Vietnam Co.
operates in the field of Accounting - Tax. Especially in the coming period, when the Company expands its business, the financial statements, also known as prospectuses, will become comprehensive information with full legal nature for those outside the business to pay attention to. Therefore, analyzing the reporting system of Manabox Vietnam Co. to evaluate the financial situation as well as the Company's future capabilities is very necessary.
It is for the above reasons that I chose "Analyzing financial statements for 2021 - 2023 to improve the financial situation of Manabox Vietnam Co." as my thesis topic. Suspected target - Research theoretical issues about the content of annual financial report analysis; - Analyze financial statements of Manabox Vietnam Co.; - Point out practical solutions to strengthen financial management at Manabox Co. in the current period. Research question - What criteria should be applied in analyzing financial statements of Manabox Vietnam Co.? - What is the financial situation of Manabox Vietnam Co.
in 2021 - 2023? - What are practical solutions to strengthen financial management at Manabox Vietnam Co. in the current period? 1 1. Object and scope of the study a. Research subjects The research object of the thesis is the financial situation of Manabox Vietnam Co., based on: Balance sheet, Business performance report, Cash flow report, Financial statement notes.
Research scope - Spatial scope: The project was carried out at Manabox Vietnam Co. - Time scope: Analyze financial statements of Manabox Vietnam Co. in the period from 2021 - 2023. - Content: Analyze and evaluate the financial statements of Manabox Vietnam Co., thereby presenting solutions to improve the financial situation of the enterprise.
Research Methods - Data collection method: Collect statistics from financial reports such as business activities, capital scale, and revenue of enterprises through the years 2021 - 2023. - Data analysis and processing: including synthesis analysis, ratio analysis, coefficient comparison, inference synthesis, Dupont analysis. + Research, calculate and compare the studied indicators over time and between the actual period of analysis and the previous business period to determine the trend of fluctuations in the financial activities of the enterprise. Research to evaluate the growth or decline rate of financial activities of enterprises.
+ Research and compare vertically and horizontally using ratios and coefficients to show the correlation between indicators in each financial report and between the Company's financial reports. Vertical analysis of financial statements analyzes changes in structure or proportional relationships between indicators in the Company's financial reporting system. + The ratio analysis method analyzes the meaning of the ratios between a specific indicator in the report and one or more other indicators. The selection of analysis target groups and the level of each group depends on the analysis objectives and each specific period.
Additionally, the Dupont analysis model can be applied to further analyze the correlation between these ratios and the problem being analyzed. Structure of the thesis Chapter 1: Theoretical basis for analyzing corporate financial statements Chapter 2: Analyzing financial statements of Manabox Vietnam Co., Ltd Chapter 3: Solutions to improve the financial situation of Manabox Vietnam Co. Research gap Lack of focus on emerging markets like Vietnam: Research has not adequately focused on emerging markets such as Vietnam, resulting in a lack of information and understanding about the specific financial situations of businesses in this business environment. Limited application of advanced analytical techniques: This limitation leads to missed opportunities in utilizing newer, more advanced analysis methods to improve the accuracy and effectiveness of financial statement analysis.
Limited focus on Small and Medium-sized Enterprises (SMEs): Current research primarily concentrates on large publicly listed companies, neglecting the practicalities and challenges encountered by SMEs. This study aims to fill this gap by analyzing the financial statements of Manabox Vietnam Limited Liability Company, an SME in the Vietnamese market. Conclusion of Research overview In conclusion, by focusing on the financial analysis of Manabox Vietnam, the research sheds light on the specific challenges faced by small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) operating in emerging markets like Vietnam. Through the application of advanced analytical techniques and consideration of non-financial factors, the study provides a comprehensive analysis of the company's financial performance.
The findings offer valuable insights and recommendations to enhance the financial management and operational efficiency of Manabox Vietnam, thereby contributing to its sustainable growth and development in the Vietnamese market. 3 CHAPTER 1 THEORETICAL FOUNDATIONS OF FINANCIAL STATEMENT ANALYSIS FOR ENTERPRISES 2. Concepts, Objectives, and Significance of Financial Statement Analysis 2. Concept of Financial Statement Analysis There have been various perspectives on the concept of financial statement analysis, including: Financial statement analysis is the process of evaluating and drawing conclusions about the financial position and business performance of a company based on the financial statements it publishes.
It involves comparing financial ratios and conducting quantitative and qualitative analyses to assess the financial health of a company. Financial statement analysis utilizes tools to understand and evaluate a company’s financial reports, including information related to assets, liabilities, equity, and revenue. It identifies and evaluates financial and non-financial factors that impact a company’s financial position. All these viewpoints emphasize that financial statement analysis involves assessing and drawing conclusions about a company’s financial position by using financial analysis tools.
Financial statement analysis provides valuable information not only for management within the enterprise but also for other interested parties, including: Suppliers of capital are the group with the most essential and timely information needs. Therefore, if financial reports meet the information needs of this group, they also fulfill the majority of information needs of other users of financial reports. The information that current and potential investors as well as creditors are interested in is useful for making decisions about providing resources to the reporting entity. The benefits that investors and creditors expect depend on the evaluation of the value, timing, and prospects of future net cash flows generated by the entity.
Additionally, information about the fulfillment of managerial responsibilities is also valuable for the decision-making of current investors and creditors. 4 Firstly, internal stakeholders of the business: - For business managers, their primary concern is seeking profit and debt repayment ability to ensure the survival and development of the business. Furthermore, managers are interested in other objectives such as creating jobs, improving product quality, contributing to social welfare, and environmental protection. Financial statements provide information to help them set goals for the business, evaluate the implementation process of those goals, make decisions, and adjust activities for maximum efficiency.
Additionally, through transparently providing information, managers convince investors and creditors that they will provide the highest profit with the lowest risk. Information in financial statements helps managers answer questions such as: What are the economic resources (assets) of the business? Is there excessive or insufficient inventory?