MINISTRY OF EDUCATION AND TRAINING HO CHI MINH CITY UNIVERSITY OF TECHNOLOGY AND EDUCATION MASTER'S THESIS VO HOANG NHAN NGHIÊN CỨU SỬ DỤNG CHẤT THẢI RFCC CHO BÊ TÔNG TÍNH NĂNG CAO (HPC) STUDY ON UTILIZING RFCC WASTE FOR HIGH PERFORMANCE CONCRETE MAJOR: CIVIL ENGINERING Ho Chi Minh city, 7/2024 MINISTRY OF EDUCATION AND TRAINING HCMC UNIVERSITY OF TECHNOLOGY AND EDUCATION MASTER GRADUATION PROJECT VO HOANG NHAN NGHIÊN CỨU SỬ DỤNG CHẤT THẢI RFCC CHO BÊ TÔNG TÍNH NĂNG CAO (HPC) STUDY ON UTILIZING RFCC WASTE FOR HIGH PERFORMANCE CONCRETE MAJOR: CIVIL ENGINEERING – 8580201 Ho Chi Minh City 7/2024 `` MINISTRY OF EDUCATION AND TRAINING HCMC UNIVERSITY OF TECHNOLOGY AND EDUCATION MASTER GRADUATION PROJECT VO HOANG NHAN NGHIÊN CỨU SỬ DỤNG CHẤT THẢI RFCC CHO BÊ TÔNG TÍNH NĂNG CAO (HPC) STUDY ON UTILIZING RFCC WASTE FOR HIGH PERFORMANCE CONCRETE MAJOR: CIVIL ENGINEERING – 8580201 INSTRUCTOR: Associate Professor LE ANH THANG Ho Chi Minh City 7/2024 2 3 4 5 i ii iii SCIENTIFIC RESUME I. PROFILE: Full Name: Vo Hoang Nhan Gender: Male Date of birth: 13/01/2000 Place of birth: Long An Hometown: Long An Ethnicity: Kinh Address: 262 Phuoc Hau, Can Giuoc, Long An City. Mobile Phone: 0906375845 E-mail: vohoangnhan3539@gmail. EDUCATIONAL BACKGROUND: University Mode of Study: Full-time Period: From 2018 to 2022 University: HCMC University of Technology and Education ( HCMUTE ) Major: Construction Engineering Graduation thesis: Design of the structure for luxury apartment Canary Height Year of Graduation: 2022 Instructor: PhD Dao Duy Kien III.
EMPLOYMENT HISTORY: Timeline Working place Position 2022 to Now TSARSI Vietnam Senior Bid Estimator Day 19 month 8 year 2024 Signature Võ Hoàng Nhân i GUARANTEE I declare that this graduation project is my research work, carried out under the guidance of Associate Professor Ph. D Le Anh Thang. The data and results stated in the project are truthful and have never been published in any other work. Ho Chi Minh City Day … month… year 2024.
Vo Hoang Nhan ii ACKNOWLEDGEMENT I would like to extend our heartfelt gratitude to Associate Professor Ph. D Le Anh Thang for his dedicated support and guidance throughout the entire process of completing this dissertation. Associate Professor Thang's commitment and profound knowledge played a pivotal role in helping us make progress and complete this dissertation. I would also like to thank our friends and fellow group members.
The unity, support, and dedication of all involved made this project more meaningful and successful than ever. We have overcome challenges, conducted in-depth research, and learned from each other, strengthening our group's cohesion and resilience. With the support of Associate Professor Ph. D Le Anh Thang and the solidarity of our group, I take pride in the results achieved in this dissertation.
I hope that the knowledge and skills I have acquired will continue to develop and prove beneficial in the future. Once again, we sincerely thank Associate Professor Ph. D Le Anh Thang and all our fellow group members. I am delighted and proud of this achievement, and we look forward to further opportunities for learning and collaboration in the future.
Sincerely, Vo Hoang Nhan iii ABSTRACT Construction materials, particularly cement and fine aggregates, are essential to the economy and the construction engineering industry. There is an increasing trend towards using recycled waste and environmentally friendly materials. This approach not only helps reduce costs but also provides significant benefits for recycling and waste management. In this study, the author explores two options: first, using waste from the Residue Fluid Catalytic Cracking (RFCC) process to partially replace cement, and second, substituting Q-Powder with RFCC waste to produce high-performance concrete.
The primary objective of concrete mixture design is to achieve a balance between workability, compressive strength, durability, economic efficiency, and sustainability. This project employs the simplex centroid design approach, guided by the mechanical properties of concrete parameters and workability, to optimize the mixture for a specified strength grade. This involves determining the ideal proportions of cement, RFCC, and sand paste, as well as the optimal ratio between paste, fine aggregates, and coarse aggregates. Results indicate that the relationship between workability and paste volume fraction can be used to determine the optimal total cementitious material content for the concrete.
Using the simplex centroid design approach, concrete mixture design can be optimized based on workability and key strength metrics such as compressive, flexural, and splitting strengths. iv CONTENTS SCIENTIFIC RESUME 2 GUARANTEE ii ACKNOWLEDGEMENT iii ABSTRACT iv CONTENTS v LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS ix LIST OF TABLES x LIST OF FIGURES xii Chapter 1 1 GENERAL INTRODUCTION 1 1. 15 Chapter 2 16 THEORETICAL BASIS OF THE STUDY 16 2. Overview of high-performance concrete (HPC).
Microstructural properties of high-performance concrete. Overview of RFCC. An overview of optimized mixture design. 23 Chapter 3 27 EXPERIMENTAL INVESTIGATION 27 3.Application of Simplex-Centroid Design Methodologies to mix the proportions of HPC.
Models and Designs. Experimental designs to fit Scheffé models. Design mixed component RFCC replacement for cement. Design mixed component RFCC replacement for Q-Powder.
Residue Fluid Catalytic Cracking (RFCC). Mineral admixture - Silica fume. Prepare for the experiment. RFCC partially replacing cement in mixtures.
Slump flow test. Compressive strength test. Testing experiments for mixtures part of Q-powder replaced by RFCC. Slump flow test.
Splitting tensile test. Compressive strength test. Summary of results from experiment testing. RFCC influences compressive strength and slump flow.
87 Chapter 4 90 OPTIMIZATION OF RFCC IN HIGH-PERFORMANCE CONCRETE (HPC) 90 4. Optimization of the mix RFCC replacement for cement. Optimization of the mix RFCC replacement for Q-Powder. Optimal numerical model.
103 Chapter 5 108 ASSESSING THE FEASIBILITY OF USING RFCC IN UHPC 108 5. The workability of UHPC when the replacement percentage of RFCC for cement combines fiber. The splitting tensile strength of UHPC when the replacement percentage of RFCC for cement combines fiber. Flexural strength of UHPC when the replacement percentage of RFCC for cement combines fiber.
Compressive strength of UHPC when the replacement percentage of RFCC for cement combines fiber. 112 Chapter 6 114 vii CONCLUSIONS 114 REFERENCES 116 viii LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS Abbreviations English meaning DMDA Densified Mixture Design Algorithm GS Glass sand TCVN Vietnam Standards UHPC Ultrahigh-performance concrete SF Silica fume SLD Simplex-lattice designs SCD Simplex-centroid design RFCC Refinery Fluidized Catalytic Cracking RBP Using recycled brick powder WGP Waste glass powder TCVN Vietnam Standards Ultra-High-Performance Fiber- UHPFRC Reinforced Concrete SF Silica fume ix LIST OF TABLES Table 1.1: Chemical composition Non-Ground RFCC based on Vietnam standard 141:1998 [30]. 1: Comparison of Residue Fluid Catalytic Cracking (RFCC) versus Fluid Catalytic Cracking [44]. 1: Bounds of Mixture Components.
2: Mixture composition in cubic meters for cement is replaced by RFCC 32 Table 3. 3: Bounds of Mixture Components. 4: Mixture composition in cubic meters for Q-Powder is replaced by RFCC. 5: Chemical composition of RFCC [30].
6: Physical properties of RFCC [30]. 7: Technical characteristics of SF [61]. 8: Basic properties of PC50 cement [62].10: Basic properties of Sand [63]. 11: The result for Slump flow (cm) option replacement Cement.
12: Flexural test on mortars (MPa) for mixtures C1. 13: Flexural test on mortars (MPa) for for mixtures C2. 14: Flexural test on mortars (MPa) for mixture C3. 15: Flexural test on mortars (MPa) for mixture C4.
16: Flexural test on mortars (MPa) for mixture C5. 17: Flexural test on mortars (MPa) for mixture C6. 18: Flexural test on mortars (MPa) for component replacement cement. 19: Information splitting tensile test for RFCC replacement for cement.
20: Result in Compression strength for option replacement cement. 21: Summary result Splitting, Compressive, Slump test for Mixtures cement replaced by RFCC. 22: Compressive strength and Slump flow test results based on percentage RFCC and Silica fume. 23: The result for Slump flow (cm), option replacement Q-Powder.
24: Information splitting tensile test for option replacement Quart I/Liminstone by RFCC. 25: Result in Compressive strength for option replacement Q-Powder by RFCC. 26: Result in flexural test on mortar (MPa) for component replacement Q- Powder by RFCC. 27: Summary of results test for Mixtures.
28: Compressive strength and Slump flow test results. 1: Result of splitting tensile test at 14 days of age. 2: Results of flexural strength at 14 days of age. 3: Results of compressive strength at 14 days of age .112 xi LIST OF FIGURES Figure 1.1: Optimization of cementitious materials composition .2: Optimization results for the UHPC mix proportion.
3: The relationship between concrete resistivity and W/S ratio at N = 1. 4: Size distribution of constituents of UHPC [26]. 5: The counterplots for compressive strength (MPa): (a) Plain-UHPC; (b) UHPC with 1 vol. 6: Two response optimization in the function of cement, silica fume, and quartz flour [28] .7: Compressive strength at different w/c ratios for (a) Sample A, (b) Sample B, (c) Sample C, and (d) Sample D [28].
8: Simplex-Centroid design triangle with constrained design points[29]. 9: Superimposed multiple response surface contours[29] .10: Compressive strength and rapid chloride-ion permeability isocontours overlap[29]. 11: RFCC powder from Binh Son refinery[30] .12: Sample for an experiment based on Vietnam standard 6016-2011. 13: Sample for experiment [33].
1: Buildings made of UHPC. (A) One World Trade Center; (B) Petronas Towers; and (C) 311 South Wacker Drive. 2: Effect of packing-optimized ultrafine particle combinations on HPC compressive strength[41]. 3: Residue Fluid Catalytic Cracking (RFCC) Technology and Catalysts.
4: Residue Fluid Catalytic Cracking (RFCC)[44]. 5: Optimization in the ready-mix concrete industry[52]. 1: Coordinate system for Three-component mixture [58]. 4: Simplex-centroid design (SCD)[58].
5: Simplex-Lattice Design [48]. 6: Simplex-Centroid Design (3,2)[58]. 7: Design mix component RFCC replacement for cement. 8: Design mix component RFCC replacement for Q-Powder.
9: Residue Fluid Catalytic Cracking (RFCC) .11: A sample of Silica fume. 12: SEM SF Image [61]. 16: Microstructure of limestone powder (SEM) [64]. A sample of calcium carbonate (CaCO3) Quartz I/Limestone filler.
19: Experiment for mixture C1. 20: Experiment for mixture C2. 21: Experiment for mixture C3. 22: Experiment for mixture C4.
23: Experiment for mixture C5. 24: Experiment for mixture C6. 32: Slump Flow for option replacement Cement. 33: Main effects for Slum flow (cm).
34: Model graphs for slump flow of composite RFCC replacement for cement. 41: The result of the Flexural test on mortars ( MPa) regarding Cement is replaced by RFCC. 42: Main effects plot Flexual test on montars. 43: Model graphs for Flexual test on montars of composite RFCC replacement for cement.
44: Diagram of cylindrical test specimen placement. 51: Result in Splitting strength at age 28 regarding cement replaced by RFCC. 52: Main effects plot for Splitting. 53: Graphs for Splitting tensile test on the mortar with RFCC replacement for cement.
54: Compressive strength sample test Mixtures C1. 55: Compressive strength sample test Mixtures C2. 56: Compressive strength sample test Mixtures C3. 57: Compressive strength sample test Mixtures C4.
58: Compressive strength sample test Mixtures C5. 59: Compressive strength sample test Mixtures C6. 60: Compressive Strength of mixture with cement replaced by RFCC. 61: Main effects for compressive strength.
62: Model graphs for Compressive Strength test on mortar of mix with RFCC replacement for part of cement. 63: The relationship between Compressive Strength and Splitting Strength at age 28 days. 64: The relationship between compressive strength, splitting strength, and slump flow. 65: The relationship between compressive strength, splitting strength, flexural and slump flow.
66: The relationship between Compressive Strength and Slump flow. 67: Slump flow based on RFCC percentage in the mixture. 68: Compressive Strength based on RFCC percentage in the mixture .