VIETNAM MARITIME UNIVERSITY ECONOMICS FACULTY INTERNATIONAL BUSINESS DIVISION DISERTATION INTERNATIONAL PAYMENT Lecturer: Luong Thi Kim Oanh Student: Vu Thi Thuy Dung _ 77423 Tran Hai Yen - 85624 Class: International payment – N01 Group: 17 HAI PHONG – 2022 TABLE OF CONTENT CHAPTER 1 : APPLICATION FOR LETTER OF CREDIT ISSUANCE. Fundamental theory on documentary credit.1 Documentary credit definition. Parties to a documentary credit.3 Documentary credit procedures. Procedure to open a letter of credit at Techcombank.
Filling in the application for letter of credit issuance. PREPARATION OF THE DOCUMENT PACKAGE AS L/C REQUEST. Introduction to documents used in documentary credit. Overview of documents used in documentary credit.
Bill of exchange. Bill of lading. Certificate of origin. Standard for issuance and examination of documents under UCP 600 and ISBP 745.
Preparing the documents package based on the given L/C.Full set (3/3) of original bill of lading marked “freight prepaid”.Commercial invoice in triplicate: 2 originals.Packing list in triplicate: 02 originals.Insurance policy covered by the seller all risk for 110% invoice value payable in Viet Nam: 02 originals.Certificate of origin issued by ccpit: 01 original and 01 copy. Certificate of Quality and Quantity/Weight/container cleanliness in one original & 3 copies issued by an independent surveyor. Bill of lading.Certificate of origin.Certificate of Quality and Quantity/Weight/container cleanlines.BILL OF EXCHANGE.64 Table of Acronyms Acronyms Stands for L/C Letter of credit IP International Payment B/E Bill of exchange CO Certificate of Origin DOO Declaration of Origin UCP 600 Uniform Customs & Practice for Documentary Credits. List of Diagram : Diagram Page 1.3: The processes of opening a documentary credit 3 1.2: Procedure to open a L/C at Techcombank 5 i INTRODUCTION After international economic integration, Vietnam has achieved certain achievements.
To get this result, we cannot deny the great contribution of foreign trade - the bridge between Vietnam's economy and the world economy. The opening up of international trade and investment relations more and more widely requires the continuous development of international payment, currency and banking services. In today's international trade, there are many payment methods such as money transfer, collection, opening a debit book, collection entrustment, letter guarantee, and documentary credit. However, only the documentary credit payment method ensures the best interests of both parties.
Payment by this method will strictly bind the responsibility of the seller and the buyer. Therefore, the international payment subject project has presented specific details about the documentary credit method, bringing useful knowledge to students. The international payment course project consists of two parts: Chapter 1: APPLICATION FOR LETTER OF CREDIT ISSUANCE Chapter 2: PREPARATION OF THE DOCUMENT PACKAGE AS L/C REQUEST Due to limited understanding, it is difficult in our group's article avoid certain errors and omissions. I hope the teacher will help I recognize and correct my mistakes.
Finally, I would like to thank lecturer Luong Thi Kim Oanh for supporting us to complete this project. ii CHAPTER 1 : APPLICATION FOR LETTER OF CREDIT ISSUANCE 1. Fundamental theory on documentary credit 1.1 Documentary credit definition A documentary credit is a method of payment that protects both the seller (exporter) and the buyer (importer) in a contract of sale. In the case of the seller, it gives a guarantee (usually issued by the buyer’s bank on his request) that the seller will receive payment after the shipment of goods has been fulfilled.
On the buyer’s side, however, the buyer gets a guarantee that goods ordered will be delivered. Generally, the seller requests the documentary credit in order to check the credit worthiness of the buyer. The buyer, upon issuing the requested document, also requests confirmation or compliance documents from the seller. The confirmation documents could be a bill of lading, insurance certificate, certificate of origin, et cetera.
At the fulfilment of the agreed terms in the contract by both parties, the buyer gets his goods and the seller gets paid. In some parts of the world, documentary credit is also known as a letter of credit (L/C). Parties to a documentary credit Applicant of Letter of Credit. Applicant is one of the main parties involved in a Letter of Credit.
Applicant is the party who opens Letter of Credit. Normally, the buyer of goods is the Applicant who opens a letter of credit. Letter of credit is opened as iii per his instruction and necessary payment is arranged to open Letter of credit with his bank. The applicant arranges to open a letter of credit with his bank as per the terms and conditions of Purchase order and business contract between buyer and seller.
So Applicant is one of the major parties involved in a Letter of credit. LC Issuing Bank Issuing Bank is one of the other main parties involved in an LC. Issuing Bank is the bank who opens a letter of credit. Letter of credit is created by the issuing bank who takes responsibility to pay the amount on receipt of documents from the supplier of goods (beneficiary under LC).
Beneficiary party Beneficiary is one of the main parties under letter of credit. Beneficiaries of Letter of credit get the benefit under Letter of credit. Beneficiary is the party under letter of credit who receives the amount under letter of credit. The LC is opened in the Beneficiary party’s favor.
Beneficiary party under letter of credit submits all required documents with his bank in accordance with the terms and conditions under LC. Advising Bank Advising bank is another party involved under LC. Advising banks, as a part of letter of credit, takes responsibility to communicate with necessary parties under letter of credit and other required authorities. The advising bank is the party who sends documents under Letter of Credit to the opening bank.
Confirming Bank Confirming bank is one of the other parties involved in Letter of Credit. Confirming the bank as a party of letter of credit confirms and guarantees to iv undertake the responsibility of payment or negotiation acceptance under the credit. Negotiating Bank Negotiating bank is one of the main parties involved under Letter of Credit. Negotiating Bank, who negotiates documents delivered to bank by beneficiary of LC.
Negotiating bank is the bank who verifies documents and confirms the terms and conditions under LC on behalf of beneficiary to avoid discrepancies Reimbursing Bank Reimbursing Bank is one of the parties involved in an LC. Reimbursing bank is the party who is authorized to honor the reimbursement claim of negotiation/ payment/ acceptance. Second Beneficiary Second beneficiary is one of the other parties involved in the Letter of Credit. Second beneficiary who represents the first beneficiary or original beneficiary in their absence, where in the credits belongs to original beneficiary is transferable as per terms.3 Documentary credit procedures D iagram 1.1: The processes of opening a documentary credit (1) The buyer applies to his bank (issuing bank) and opens a letter credit naming the seller as beneficiary based on specific terms and conditions that are listed in the credit (2) Issuing bank acting on the request and issues a letter credit in favour of the seller and sends it to the advising bank named in the credit.
(3) The advising bank informs ( advises) the seller of the letter credit (4) The seller on receipt of LC , examines LC to make sure that he or she is satisfied that it meets the terms and conditions of the sales contract and the seller can meets the LC terms and conditions, the the seller ships the goods to the buyer (5) Once shipment is made , the seller will present the relevant documents called for in the credit to his bank ( advising bank) or to the bank where LC is made available. (6) The advising bank forwards the documents package to issuing bank for payment vi (7) The issuing bank checks all documents to ensure that it complies with the credit terms and conditions and makes payment to the advising bank. (8) The issuing bank presents documents to the buyer (9) The buyer makes payment to the bank and releases the document to the buyer to enable him to receive the goods. Procedure to open a letter of credit at Techcombank Receive and check the Close the importing Sign the bill of lading, application ( if application guarantee to receive compulsory ) goods Receive , check and process Store the documents Approve and consider the documents opening L/C Open L/C Correctthe L/C (if necessary) Diagram 1.2: Procedure to open a L/C at Techcombank Step 1: Receive and check the application - Receiving documents : Check the L/C open balance ( excluding the amount of money the customer has deposited at the branch) calculated in the customer’s credit limit.
- The auditor checks the client’s legal records, the L/C open dossier includes the following documents : + Contract of sale vii + Import license (for conditional imports) + Request letter for opening L/C - Check the application: Check the content of the L/C opening request, the request letter for opening L/C must be fully signed by the account holder and the chief accountant. Notice to the customer: if there is a difference between the content of the L/C opening application and the relevant conditions in the contract sale. - Based on the L/C application and the opinion of the IP department, the credit department re-evaluates the plan to import the payment capital capacity of the customer, check the allowed credit limit, suggest a margin of 100% or less than 100%. Step 2: Approve and consider opening L/C.
Based on the appraisal contents and suggestions of the IP and the Credit Department, the branch director signs the L/C open dossier and signs the attached documents (if any). Step 3 : Open L/C - Payer registering for L/C reference, archiving for monitoring. The L/C open records tracker must clearly state the following information: L/C opening date, L/C number, L/C open customer name, L/C value, L/C type, margin rate, other notes (if necessary). -Select Notification Bank/Negotiating and Contact Bank.
- Enter data into the computer, open L/C: + Open an electronic letter of credit using SWIFT MODEL MT700, MT701. viii + Transfer all documents alongside the electronic letter of credit to the monitor of the department , the branch leaders to sign the approval. + Handle an original L/C to the customer, with the seal and signature of the branch leader. + Write the profile cover of the L/C according to the form, save 01 electronic copy that has already been transferred in which contains the signs of the Auditor, the head of the department and the branch director in the track record.
Step 4 : Correct the L/C (if necessary) The IP department receive the applicant requesting to correct the L/C , includes: - Letter requesting an L/C amendment - Written agreement of beneficiary and L/C Opener (if any) Step 5 : Receive , check and process documents , pay or accept payment Mail-transfer L/C : Receive, check and compare documents with L/C records to find whether it is suitable for the content, number of documents in comparison with the conditions and terms specified in L/C and relevant amendments (if any). After that, check the compatibility between the documents together. The payer writes his opinion on the voucher check sheet. After checking the documents, if the documents are suitable, the branch will notify the customer.
If the documents are not suitable, the branch sends a telegram to refuse the payment using the form MT734/MT799. The inspection ix of documents, notification of non-conforming documents must be carried out within 03 working days after the branch receives the set of documents. Telegraphic transfer L/C : Authorized individuals to receive printed telegrams and deliver them to the payers. In case telegraphic is not handled by the branch, immediately notify the management department.
In case the telegraphic notifies the documents are appropriate : - The IP department checks and compares with the payment conditions and payment instructions specified in the L/C, amend the L/C.