MINISTRY OF EDUCATION AND TRAINING MINISTRY OF AGRICULTURE AND RURALDEVELOPMENT IMPACT ASSESSMENT OF REGULATION WORKS IN THE THAI BINH RIVER DOWNSTREAM Nguyen Vinh Nguyen MSc Thesis on Integrated Water Resources Management November, 2017 XMINSTRYOEEDLCXHONANDTRAINING MINISTRY OF AGRICULTURE AND RURAL DEVELOPMENT ‘THU ITY Nguyen Vinh Nguyen ‘THESIS OF MASTER DEGREE ‘Supervisors: 1. Nguyen Mai Dang 2. Ngo Van Quan ‘This research is done for the partial fulfilment of requirement for Master of Science Degree at Thuyloi University (This Master Programme is supported by NICHE ~ VNM 106 Project) ‘November, 2017 DECLARATION Thereby certify that the work which is being presented in this thesis entitled, “Impact assessment of Regulation works in the Thai Bình river downstream” in partial fulfillment of the requirement for the award of the Master of Science in Integrated ‘Water Resources Management, is an authentic record of my own work carried out under super ision(s) of Assoc. Nguyen Mai Dang and Assoc.
Ngo Van Quan. ‘The matter embodied in this thesis has not been submitted by me for the award of any other degree or diploma Date: 19/11/2017 Signature Nguyen Vinh Nguyen Abstract ‘The Thai Binh River System's downstream is a major economic region whieh is located in the Red River Delta including Hai Phong city and Thai Binh province. Currently, water distribution here is significantly unreasonable for the downstream water stakeholders, ‘Therefore, a research regarding current water allocation assessment need and hhas (© be conducted in order to find out appropriate solutions for solving and surmounting the issues. In this study, the MIKE 11 model was used to simulate the recent status of the system and prediet the water distribution according to some proposed scenarios based on the system operation in the future ‘The study determined the existing problems and troubles in water distribution and water use in the Thai Binh River downstream, Accordingly.
the impact of structural measures proposed in this study on flow changing also was analyzed in details, In addition, the study ilustrated thatthe flow discharge of rivers in the system will be changed significantly after building the regulated structure works. In addition, the study proposed some alternatives aiming to strengthen the management of sy operation as well as water use in the downstream of Thai Binh River. Key words: Red River Basin, Thai Binh River, MIKE 11 model, flow regime Acknowledgement I would like to give a big thank to all people who have supported and assisted me during my master th research. Thanks for their support, encouragement and ‘guidance that allowed me to complete this tudy in time.
Especially, I would like to express my appreciation to Assoc. Nguyen Mai Dang and Assoc. Ngo Van Quan for their unlimited encouragement, guidance, comments and technical supports as well as the thesis writing process from the beginning of this thesis research, 1 wish to thank Dr, Ilyas Masih, Assoc. Dr, Nguyen Thu Hien and Assoe.
[Ngo Le An for their feedbacks, references and support on the proposal process. also want to thank to all instructors and staff of Thuy Loi University who have helped me a lot during the master course. 1 would like to give my appreciation to Dr. Ho Viet Cuong, Mse.
Nguyen Thi Ngoc Nhan, Msc, Nguyen Van Bach and Mr. Phan Van Thanh who was willing to help me with modelling application in the thesis. 1 also would like to thank the National Key Laboratory of River and Coastal Engineering and Institute of Vietnam Academy for Water Resources for their information and useful data input. Last but not.
Lwant to take this opportunity to show my appreciation to my family, friends for their inspiration and support throughout my life; this research is simply impossible without you, iti Contents DECLARATION sossosnnsnesninnineininninnninnnnninnnnnnnnsnn Abstract 1.1 Objectives of the study. Overview of hydraulic modeling. Related studies 3 STUDY AREA 3. Description of the study area.1 Geography and River Network.4 Tide and tidal effects in the river mouth 26 3.1 Water demand for agriculture.2 Water demand for aquaculture 28 3.3 Water demand for industry 29 3.4 Water demand for domestic.
Water exploitation and utilization issues. The MIKE 11 Model 4.2 Methods used in the performance evaluation. Mike 11 Model Set-up.4 Meteorological and hydrological data 39 4.1, Step by step.2 Initial conditions setup 40 4.3 Calibrating the hydraulic parameters 40 4.4, Modeling calibration in flood season ái 4.1 Modeling validation in flood season 48 4.2 Modeling validation in dry season 4. Proposed regulation works and scenarios.1, Proposed regulation works 4.
RESULTS AND DISCUSSIONS. Scenario results simulated in August 1996. Scenario results simulated in January 200% 6. CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS.
Recommendations for further researches APPENDIX. List of figure Figure1.1 Thai Binh River downstream area 8 Figure 2.1 Simulation interface file of Mike 11 (HD Module) 15 Figure 3.1: Map of the study area focus on two districts: Vinh Bao and Tien Lang.1: The research flowchart.2: Schematic of network and reservoirs considered in the Red River basin.3: River network for simulation by Mike 11 model 37 Figure 4. Model calibration process 39 Figure 4.5: Hydraulic parameters interface 4 Figure 4.6: The observed and simulated water levels for the 1996 flood event at Ha Noi station in the case of calibration 4 igure 47: The observed and simulated water level in Van Uc River in 1/2006 — ‘Trung Trang Station 45 igure 4.8: The observed and simulated water level in Duong River in January 2006— Thuong Cat Station.9: The observed and simulated hydrographs at Son Tay Station 48 Figure 4.10: The observed and simulated hydrographs at Ha Noi Station in January 2007 49 Figure 4.11: The observed and simulated hydrographs at Tra Ly Station 50 in January 2007 50 Figure 4.12: Structure of the regulated dam in Moi River 52 igure 5. The locations of selected cross-sections 4 igure 5.2 Actual water level atthe selected points 55 Figure 5.3 Actual discharge at the selected points 55 Figure 5.4 Simulated water level of PAL 56 Figure 5 5: Simulated discharge of PAL 56 Figure 5.6: Simulated water level of PA2 5 Figure 57 Simulated discharge of PA2.8: Simulated water level of PAS 58 Figure 5.9: Simulated discharge of PA, 58 Figure 5.10: Simulated water level of PAL+2 59 Figure 5.11: Simulated discharge of PA 142 59 Figure 5.12: Simulated water level of PA1+3.13: Simulated discharge of PA +3 60 Figure 5.14: Simulated water level of PA 1+2+3.15: Simulated discharge of PA 1+2+3.16: Actual water level at the selected points 62 Figure 5.17: Actual discharge at the selected points 62 Figure 5.18: Simulated water level of PAL 63 Figure 5.19: Simulated discharge of PAL 63 Figure 5.20: Simulated water level of PA2 64 Figure 5.21 Simulated discharge of PA2.22: Simulated water level of PA3 6 Figure 5.23: Simulated discharge of PAS.24: Simulated water level of PA1#2.25: Simulated discharge of PAL+2 66 Figure 5.26: Simulated water level of PA 1+3 67 Figure 5.27: Simulated discharge of PA1+3 61 Figure 5.28: Simulated water level of PA1+2+3 68 Figure 5.29: Simulated discharge of PAL+2+3.
68 List of table Table 2.1 Comparison of different One-Dimensional (1D) models.1, Monthly average temperature ofthe year at stations 21 Table 3.2 Typical average monthly rainfall at stations 2 ‘Table 3.3 Typical monthly average wind speed at three stations.4: Total water used for cultivation and livestock in year 2012.5: Water demand of cultivation in period of 2020 and 2030 28 ‘Table 3. Water demand of livestock in the period of 2020 and 2030 28 ‘Table 3.7 Water demand of aquaculture in 2012 29 ‘Table 3.8 Water demand of aquaculture in the period of 2020 và 2030 29 Table 3.9 Current status of water use of industrial zones 29 ‘Table 3.10 Water supply for domestic in Tien Lang and Vinh bao districts 30 ‘Table 3.11 Water demand of domestic in the period of 2020 and 2030 30 ‘Table 4.1: The upstream and downstream boundary of the model setup.2: Calibrated Manning values of the river system.3: Model performance of the MIKE 11 for the calibration at some siations.4: Calibrated! Manning values of the Red and Thai Binh Rivers 46 ‘Table 4.5: Model performance of the MIKE 11 for the calibration in the dry season.6; Error criteria of the model calibration in the 2002 flood event at some stations 49 Table 4.7; Model performance of the MIKE 11 for the model validation in the dry season, 50 Table 5.1 Comparison between actual and simulated flows of PAI 56 Table 5.2 Comparison between actual and simulated flows of PA2, 5 Table 5.3: Comparison of actual and simulated flows of PA3 58 ‘Table 5.4 Comparison of actual and simulated flows of PA1+2 59 ‘Table 5.5 Comparison of actual and simulated flows of PAI+3 60 ‘Table 5.6: Comparison of actual and simulated flows of PAL+2+3 6 ‘Table 5.7 Comparison of actual and simulated flows of PAL 68 Table 5.8 Comparison of actual and simulated flows of PA2.9: Comparison of actual and simulated flows of PA3 65 ‘Table 5.10: Comparison of actual and simulated flows of PAL+2 66 ‘Table 5.11 Comparison of actual and simulated flows of PA 1+3 6 ‘Table 5.12 Comparison of actual and simulated flows PA1+243. Overview Water is a useful natural resource and plays an important role in human being ‘The water users in a river basing include some stakeholders such as agriculture, industry, households, recreation and environment. Obviously all human activities demand and need fresh water.
Fresh water is extremely essential for lives; no other natural resources can replace it. This meant that water has a high potential use for human (Zaag & Savenije, 2013), Nowadays, people have been using water resources in negative way. Accordingly, water quality and quantity are both declining significantly. There are some reasons for this statement including the effects of natural conditions, climate change, economic and social development, over exploitation of natural resources as ‘well as the poor management oflocal authorities, Water crisis has been increasing and affecting widely all over the world.
It is about L2 billion people; similar to 1/5 global population, living in water shortage ‘areas and other 500 million people are being exposed by this trouble. Water shortage is caused by natural phenomena and human activities. Fresh water is available everywhere in our planet and much enough for human. However, fresh water is distributed unevenly and overused tremendously on the world, In addition, fresh water has been polluted for decades by many polluted sources duc to economic development.
Unsustainable development also is one of the reasons for water crisis. (FAO, 2007) According (0 plenty of water institutes, 1/3 countries in the world are facing with water shortage. In year 2025, it will be predicted that approximately 35% of global population will be able to face with tremendous water shortage problems Based on the report of Ministry of Natural Resources and Environment (2009). Vietnam has about 3450 rivers with above 10 kilometers length.
There are 206 water sources which are considered as external water resources, Accordingly, total annual ‘water volume is about 830 bil fr m the biggest fet systems. Total potential ‘groundwater amount is about 63 billion m’ per year and distributed mainly in the hilly and mountainous regions (Le Mai, 2013). It can be seen that Vietnam has a lot of, 6 water due to the heavy rainy season and dense river intensity. However, droughts and large scale water shortage occurred regularly in many provinces.
Vietnam currently has many challenges regarding water resources management, In addition, Vietnam is ranked as one of the most affected countries by climate change and sea level rise. In recent years, the demand for water is rising day by day under the pressure of population and development - social growth. Moreover, the uneven distribution of ‘water resources in time and space with the requirements of environmental flows, leading to water shortages appear. Besides, the competing interest of different stakeholders even exaggerates the issue.