Phần mở đầu: lý do chọn đề tài, tầm quan trọng của đề tài, mục đích nghiên cứu đề tài, đối tƣợng và phạm vi nghiên cứu, phƣơng pháp nghiên cứu. Phần nội dung: đƣợc trình bày trong 2 phần, gồm 9 chƣơng tập trung vào những vấn đề sau: – PHẦN I:DUNG SAI VÀ LẮP GHÉP + Các khái niệm cơ bản, dung sai và lắp ghép bề mặt trơn, sai lệch hình dạng và vị trí – Nhám bề mặt, dung sai và lắp ghép các chi tiết điển hình, chuỗi kích thƣớc. – PHẦN II: KỸ THUẬT ĐO +Các vấn đề cơ bản của kỹ thuật đo, đo kích thƣớc dài, đo kích thƣớc góc, đo sai lệch hình dạng và vị trí. Phần kết luận và kiến nghị: trình bày những kết quả đạt đƣợc của quá trình nghiên cứu đó là biên soạn đƣợc bài giảng “Dung sai kỹ thuật đo hoàn toàn bằng tiếng Anh”.
Đƣa ra một số kiến nghị với mong muốn nhóm nghiên cứu sau tiếp tục nghiên cứu và phát triển đề tài theo hƣớng hoàn thiện hơn. Các vấn đề trên đƣợc nghiên cứu và trình bày một cách chi tiết trong đồ án. Sinh viên thực hiện đồ án Nguyễn Ngọc Quốc SVTH: NGUYỄN NGỌC QUỐC iv do an ĐỒ ÁN TỐT NGHIỆP GVHD: ThS. ĐẶNG MINH PHỤNG ABSTRACT The scheme content consists of three parts: The beginning: the reason of choosing the topic, the importance of the subject, the purpose of the research topic, subjects and scope of the research, research methods.
The content is presented in two parts, including nine chapters focusing on the following issues: - PART I: TOLERANCES AND FIT. + Basic concepts, tolerances and fits for smooth parts, tolerances of form and position - surface roughness, tolerances and fits of typical parts, dimension chains, - PART II: MEASURING TECHNIQUE + Basic issues of the measuring technique, linear measurements, angular measurements, measuring form and position deviation The conclusion and recommendation: present the results of the study were compiled by the lecture “tolerances - measuring technique entirely in English." To offer some recommendations to wish the next teams continue with research and development project under excellent direction. These issues above are studied and presented detaisl of the project. The student performs project Nguyen Ngoc Quoc SVTH: NGUYỄN NGỌC QUỐC v do an ĐỒ ÁN TỐT NGHIỆP GVHD: ThS.
ĐẶNG MINH PHỤNG MỤC LỤC NHIỆM VỤ ĐỒ ÁN TỐT NGHIỆP. I LỜI CAM KẾT. II LỜI CẢM ƠN. VI LIST OF TABLES.
X LIST OF FIGURES. XI TỔNG QUAN VỀ ĐỀ TÀI NGHIÊN CỨU .1 Tính cấp thiết của đề tài .2 Tổng quan về tình hình nghiên cứu .3 Tầm quan trọng của đề tài.4 Mục đích nghiên cứu đề tài .5 Đối tƣợng nghiên cứu và phạm vi nghiên cứu .1 Đối tƣợng nghiên cứu .2 Phạm vi nghiên cứu .6 Phƣơng pháp nghiên cứu .1 Cơ sở phƣơng pháp nghiên cứu cụ thể .2 Phƣơng tiện nghiên cứu .8 Quy trình thực hiện đồ án tốt nghiệp .xix PART I: TOLERANCES AND FITS .1 CHAPTER 1: BASIC CONCEPTS .1 Basic concepts in tolerances and fits.5 Diagram illustrating tolerance zone distribution of fit. Concept of interchangeability .1 Ethos of interchangeability .2 Effect of interchangeability .12 SVTH: NGUYỄN NGỌC QUỐC vi do an ĐỒ ÁN TỐT NGHIỆP GVHD: ThS. ĐẶNG MINH PHỤNG CHAPTER 2: TOLERANCES AND FITS FOR SMOOTH PARTS.1 Concepts in tolerances zone.
Position of the tolerance zone .2 System of fits .2 Selecting system of fits .3 Tolerances and fits symbol in drawings.Tolerances symbol in the detail drawing. Tolerances symbol in the assembly drawing .4 Selecting fits for joint of smooth parts. Selecting Clearance fit. Selecting Transition fit.
Selecting Interference fit .23 CHAPTER 3: TOLERANCES OF FORM AND POSITION - SURFACE ROUGHNESS. Tolerances of form and position. Total deviations of form and position. Tolerance of form and position.
Indicating geometrical tolerances in the drawing. Effects of surface roughness to functional attributes of parts. Common surface roughness parameters. Indications of surface roughness symbols in drawing .46 CHAPTER 4: TOLERANCES AND FITS OF TYPICAL PARTS .1 Tolerances and fits for bearings .2 Selecting fits for bearings .3 Bearing radial internal clearance .4 Notation of bearing fits in assembly drawings .2 Tolerances and fits for keyed and splined joints .1 Tolerances and fits for keyed joints .2 Tolerances and fits for splined joints .61 CHAPTER 5: DIMENSION CHAINS .65 SVTH: NGUYỄN NGỌC QUỐC vii do an ĐỒ ÁN TỐT NGHIỆP GVHD: ThS.
ĐẶNG MINH PHỤNG 5.3 Components in a dimension chain .4 Principles establish a dimension chain .2 Solving dimension chains .1 Relationship among components in a dimension chain. Solving problem dimension chains.3 Dimensioning in detailed drawings. Basic dimensioning demands. Basic dimensioning principles.
Methods of dimentioning.71 PART II: MEASURING TECHNIQUE .73 CHAPTER 7: LINEAR MEASUREMENTS .2 Common mechanical type measuring instruments.6 Dial bore gage .109 CHAPTER 8: ANGULAR MEASUREMENTS .1 Angular measurements by direct measurement method. Angle gauge block. Limit taper gauges .2 Angular measurements by indirect measurement method. Used roller and linear measuring instruments .122 CHAPTER 9: FORM AND POSITION DEVIATIONS MEASUREMEMT .1 Form deviation measurement .127 SVTH: NGUYỄN NGỌC QUỐC viii do an ĐỒ ÁN TỐT NGHIỆP GVHD: ThS.
ĐẶNG MINH PHỤNG 9.2 Measuring relative position error among surfaces. Intersection of axes measurement.136 KẾT LUẬN – KIẾN NGHỊ .143 SVTH: NGUYỄN NGỌC QUỐC ix do an ĐỒ ÁN TỐT NGHIỆP GVHD: ThS. ĐẶNG MINH PHỤNG LIST OF TABLES Table 1.1 Series of standard preferred sizes .1 Fundamental tolerances of grades 01, 0 and 1 to 16 (values of tolerances in microns) .2 Equivalent fits on the hole basis and shaft basis systems .3 Standard tolerance zones of shaft (from 1 to 500mm) .4 Standard tolerance zones of hole (from 1 to 500mm) .5 Standard fit in the hole basic system (from 1 to 500m .6 Standard fit in the shaft basic system (from 1 to 500mm) .1 The relation between straightness and flatness tolerances with dimension tolerance.2 Relation between grade of geometric accuracy and grade of dimensional accuracy .3 Symbols representing the characteristics to be toleranced .4 Systems of indication of tolerances of form and position .5 Surface roughness parameter .6 Standard values of ra và rz .7 Surface roughness expected from various manufacturing processes .8 Shows the symbols which specify the common directions of lay.1 Standardized tolerance zones of the shafts and housing bores fit the bearings.2 Tolerance zones for dimension elements of splined joints .3 Preferred fits for splined joints .1 Tolerance grades for metric blocks .96 SVTH: NGUYỄN NGỌC QUỐC x do an ĐỒ ÁN TỐT NGHIỆP GVHD: ThS. ĐẶNG MINH PHỤNG LIST OF FIGURES Fig 1.1 Diagram illustrating basic size deviations and tolerances .2 Toleranced dimensions for internal and external features .3 Bilateral tolerance of equal variation .4 Bilateral tolerance of unequal variation .6 Maximum and minimum size .5 Unilateral tolerance with zero variation in on direction .7 Toleranced dimensioning of assembled parts .8 Cylindrical face assembly .13 Tolerance zone distribution diagram of fit.14 Schematic representation of fits .15 Fit diagram according to local interchangeability method .1 Graphical illustration of fundamental deviation of hole .2 Graphical illustration of fundamental deviation of shaft .3 Examples illustrating shaft basis and hole basis systems .4 Assembling outer ring with bore housing .5 Assembling smooth shaft with many different holes .6 Tolerances symbol in the detail drawing .7 Tolerances symbol in the assembly drawing .6 Profile deviation in a longitudinal section .28 SVTH: NGUYỄN NGỌC QUỐC xi do an ĐỒ ÁN TỐT NGHIỆP GVHD: ThS.
ĐẶNG MINH PHỤNG Fig.11 Intersection of axes deviation .15 Axial runout deviation .14 Radial runout deviation .16 Total radial runout deviation .17 Total axial runout deviation .19 Deviation of a profile surface .18 Deviation of a profile line .20 Circularity, cylindricity deviation .22 Indication of feature controlled .23 Types of roughness on the face .28 Indications of surface roughness symbols .30 Roughness notation when the same surface roughness is required on the majority of the surfaces of a part .29 Roughness notation when the same surface roughness .31 Roughness notation a shaft having the same nominal size along its length but different surface roughness .32 Roughness notation of the splined and tooth face .33 Roughness notation of the workpiece working surface of screw .1 Component and basic dimensions of bearing .51 SVTH: NGUYỄN NGỌC QUỐC xii do an ĐỒ ÁN TỐT NGHIỆP GVHD: ThS. ĐẶNG MINH PHỤNG Fig.2 Point and circumferential load .4 Tolerance zone of the parts fit the bearing.5 Radial clearance before mounting .6 Radial clearance after mounting .7 Notation of bearing fits on assembly drawings.9 Hollow saddle key.10 Flat saddle key .11 Key with gib head .12 Parallel sunk key .15 Selecting fit for flat saddle key joint .16 Basic dimensions of a splined joint .17 Centered methods of the splined joint .1 Linear dimension chain .3 Assembly dimension chains .2 Angular dimension chains.4 Linear, planar, spatial dimension chains .3 Step or depth measurements…………….4 Vernier scale component.5 Reading the measurement result on vernier calliper .7 Electronic caliper with digital display .8 Key features of offset callipers .9 A schematic of offset calipers for hole measurement .10 Long jaw callipers .78 SVTH: NGUYỄN NGỌC QUỐC xiii do an ĐỒ ÁN TỐT NGHIỆP GVHD: ThS. ĐẶNG MINH PHỤNG Fig.13 Types of ratchet device .14 The measurement result on the micrometers .18 Disc type paper thickness micrometer .20 Screw thread micrometer .24 Gear-tooth micrometer .23 Interchangeable anvil type outside micrometer .27 Tubular inside micrometer .28 Use of inside micrometers .29 Calliper type inside micrometer .30 Three point type inside micrometer .31 Using a depth micrometer .32 Single rod type depth micrometer .33 Interchangeable rod type depth micrometers .34 Gauge block of set .35 The length of a gauge block is the distance from the gauging point on the top surface to the plane of the platen adjacent to the wrung gauge block .36 Definition of the gauging point on square gauge blocks .37 Schematic drawings of a gauge block comparator showing the component parts.38 Nist gauge block comparator .39 The mechanical stop is used to force the gauge block to a nearly identical position above the stylus for each measurement.99 SVTH: NGUYỄN NGỌC QUỐC xiv do an ĐỒ ÁN TỐT NGHIỆP GVHD: ThS. ĐẶNG MINH PHỤNG Fig.40 Standard ring and plug gauges .41 Progressive and double ended limit plug gauges .45 Magnetic base components.47 Dial indicator use beam .48 Dial indicator use gear .49 Dial indicator use screw .50 Dial indicator use spring .51 Dial bore gage .1 Component of angle gauge blocks .1 Angle gauge blocks are available in a 16 pieces set .2 Calculating angle gauge blocks .3 Build an angle of 340 13‟ 2” .6 Universal bevel protractors .7 Limit taper gauges.8 Checking taper hole .10 Component of the glass vial .12 Jigging the part on the sine bar .12 Jigging the part on the sine bar .14 External taper angle measurement .15 Internal taper angle measurement .123 SVTH: NGUYỄN NGỌC QUỐC xv do an ĐỒ ÁN TỐT NGHIỆP GVHD: ThS.
ĐẶNG MINH PHỤNG Fig.1 Type of inspection scales .2 Sample light-slit .3 The ruler applied dial indicator .5 Diagram indicating flatness measurement by instrument that has directive structure.5 The points on the checked surface to adjust instruments.6 Diagram indicating the circularity measurement .7 Diagram indicating the circularity measurement in static .9 Diagram indicating the circularity differential measurement .8 Diagram indicating the circularity measurement on the two rollers .10 Diagram indicating taper measurement .11 Diagram indicating taper differential measurement .12 Diagram indicating constriction bulge measurement .13 Diagram indicating axis of curvature measurement .14 Diagram indicating parallelism measurement among two surfaces .15 Diagram indicating parallelism measurement between center line and surface .16 Diagram indicating parallelism measurement of the crank .17 Diagram indicating parallelism measurement of the connecting rod .