NATIONAL ECONOMICS UNIVERSITY ADVANCED EDUCATIONAL PROGRAM ***************************** Bachelor Thesis Credit Risk Management in Bank for Investment & Development of Vietnam branch in Hai Phong Student’s name: Pham Quang Huy Class: Advanced Program Intake:50 Internship guide: Mr. Pham Manh Hung, Risk Management Department Supervisor: Mr. Le Duc Hoang, MBA 1 Hanoi, 2012 Supervisor: Mr. Le Duc Hoang, MBA Pham Quang Huy – Advanced Program 50 2 Supervisor: Mr.
Le Duc Hoang, MBA Pham Quang Huy – Advanced Program 50 1 ACKNOWLEDGEMENT This report is the result of my internship in the Risk Management Department of BIDV – Dien Bien Phu, Hai Phong branch. By that time, I have worked with a great number of people whose contribution in the research. It is a pleasure to convey my gratitude to them all in my humble acknowledgement. In the first place, I would like to express my thank to Mr.
Le Duc Hoang for his supervision, guidance, and encouragement. I appreciate all his time and effort in help- ing me during the time of my internship. I gratefully acknowledge all lecturers and officers from Advanced Program for their shared knowledge and experiences. I would like to deliver my gratitude to all my friends in Advanced Class intake 50.
Their support is one thing making this report possible. Last but not least, many thanks go to all of staffs in the BIDV branch in Hai Phong generally, and in the Department of Risk Management particularly, for their warm treatments during my internship. I am very grateful to Mr. Hung, my supervisor in the office, for his encouragement and guidance.
Le Duc Hoang, MBA Pham Quang Huy – Advanced Program 50 2 TABLE OF CONTENT ABSTRACT.6 LIST OF TABLES.7 LIST OF FIGURES.4 Research Scope & Constraints.11 CHAPTER II: THEORETICAL BACKGROUND.1 Overview About Commercial Bank.1 Definition of Bank.2 Services Provided by Commercial Banks.3 Risks in Banking.2 Credit Risks In Banking.1 Definition of Credit Risk. Le Duc Hoang, MBA Pham Quang Huy – Advanced Program 50 3 2.2 Impacts of Credit Risks.3 Causes of Credit Risks.4 Reflecting Factors for Possible Credit Risks.3 Credit Risk Management.1 What is Credit Risk Management?.2 How does the Government Regulate about Credit Risk Management? .3 Is There Any Specific Method to Evaluate Credit Risks?.25 Financial ratios analysis.26 Internal credit rating system.4 Is There Possible Way to Hedge against Credit Risks?.31 CHAPTER III: CURRENT SITUATION OF CREDIT RISK MANAGEMENT FOR ORGANIZATIONS IN BIDV – HAI PHONG BRANCH.1 Profile Of BIDV And BIDV Dien Bien Phu, Hai Phong branch.2 Organizational Structure Of The Branch.3 Business Results Of BIDV – Hai Phong Branch During 2009-2011.4 Credit Evaluation System Of BIDV.1 Steps in Credit Granting in BIDV.2 Internal Credit Rating Process.3 Credit Granting Policies & Collateral Requirements. Le Duc Hoang, MBA Pham Quang Huy – Advanced Program 50 4 3.4 Credit Review Policy under BIDV.5 Connection between BIDV’s Credit Evaluating System and the Model of 6 Cs of Credit Analysis.5 Performance Of Credit Risk Management In BIDV Branch.6 Evaluating Of Credit Risk Management In BIDV – Hai Phong Branch.1 Achievements in Credit Risk Management of BIDV branch.2 Shortcomings in Credit Risk Management of BIDV branch.65 CHAPTER IV: RECOMMENDATION.1 Recommendation To BIDV & The Branch.1 To Improve Qualification of Credit Officers.2 To Build Internal Information System.3 To Enhance Internal Supervision on Outstanding Debts.4 To Refer to Different Methods to Access Credit Ratings.5 To Diversify Borrowers Pool & Hedging Strategies.2 Recommendation To The Government & SBV.78 APPENDIX A: The Model 6 Cs of Credit Analysis.79 APPENDIX B: Z-score Model. Le Duc Hoang, MBA Pham Quang Huy – Advanced Program 50 5 ABSTRACT The goal of this internship thesis is to characterize performance of BIDV – Hai Phong branch in credit risk management and to highlight possible related problems during the 3-year period 2009-2011.
The paper is going to analyze internal credit rating system of BIDV as well as to discuss its connection to international standards. The real situation of credit risks in the branch will be determined basically through examining outstanding loans structure. The results from this study helps to understand about the company’s business operation, focusing on credit risk management for organization customers, and to identify any shortcoming existing in the company’s management, so that suggestible actions should be undertaken. Le Duc Hoang, MBA Pham Quang Huy – Advanced Program 50 6 ABBREVIATION BIDV Bank for Investment and Development of Vietnam SBV Stated Bank of Vietnam Dep.
Division FDIC Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation FTP Fund Transfer Pricing EBIT Earnings Before Interests and Taxes ROE Return on Equity ROA Return on Assets D/E Debt to equity ratio C&R Vietnam Credit Information and Rating Company CRC Enterprise Credit Rating Appraise Science Center CIC Credit Information Center VAS Vietnamese Accounting Standards IAS International Accounting Standards Supervisor: Mr. Le Duc Hoang, MBA Pham Quang Huy – Advanced Program 50 7 LIST OF TABLES Table 2.1: Risk Classification in Banking.2: Debt Classification under Article 7 of Decision no.3: Maximum Rate to Calculate the Value of Collateral.4: Credit Risk Minimization Methods.1: Credit Rating for BIDV in 2010.2: Operational Results of BIDV – Hai Phong branch during 2009-2011.3: Capital Mobilization of BIDV – Hai Phong branch in 2009-2011.4: Distribution of Annual Average Outstanding Debts by Customer Type.5: Average Outstanding Debts Classification by Currency.6: Financial Indicators in Credit Rating of BIDV.7: Coefficients for Nonfinancial Indicators.8: Credit Rankings under BIDV System.9: Credit Policy in BIDV.10: Debts Classification for BIDV branch under Decision no.11: Provision for Loan Losses in BIDV branch.12: Calculation for Expected Provisions for Loan Losses. Le Duc Hoang, MBA Pham Quang Huy – Advanced Program 50 8 LIST OF FIGURES Figure 2.1: Six Basic Cs of Lending.1: Organizational Structure of BIDV – Hai Phong branch.2: Revenues Structure of BIDV branch in 2009-2011.3: Capital Mobilization of BIDV branch in 2009-2011.4: Credit Structure by Instruments in BIDV branch in 2009-2011.5: Net Income by Service Lines in 2009-2011.6: Credit Granting Process in BIDV System.7: Internal Credit Rating Process for Corporate Customers in BIDV.8: Nonperforming loans in BIDV – Hai Phong branch.9: Overdue Debt Ratio.10: Charge-offs & Recovery in 2009-2011. Le Duc Hoang, MBA Pham Quang Huy – Advanced Program 50 9 CHAPTER I: INTRODUCTION 1.
Rationale Credit activities have grown significantly for recent years, due to high demand of capital for investment. However, it is also associated with increasing risks of losing money. The economy generally and enterprises particularly has experienced many dif- ficulties arising. Banks are facing problems with possible credit default.
In fact, re- cently, the Stated Bank of Vietnam have adopted a new policy of classifying banks into different groups of credit lines in order to minimize credit risks for the whole economy. Thus, credit risk management is the most critical issue for banks and other financial in- stitutions nowadays. Research Objective This thesis is set out to characterize credit risk management operation for busi- ness customers in a BIDV branch located in Dien Bien Phu Street, Hai Phong city. The study is descriptive, and is not intended to develop new theory or to extend existing theory.
For more specific, two research questions need to be answered: - How is the performance of credit risk control for business customers in BIDV Dien Bien Phu, Hai Phong branch during the period of 2009-2011? - Is there any success or problem existing in credit risk management, as well as suggestion of solutions? Supervisor: Mr. Le Duc Hoang, MBA Pham Quang Huy – Advanced Program 50 10 1. Methodology In order to serve the goal of the paper as stated, the contribution of the study lies in assembling secondary data. The data collected includes financial statistics which represent the performance of BIDV in credit risk management during the research pe- riod.
The thesis will focus mainly in indicators related directly to credit risk manage- ment of the branch, such as loans structure, loans quality, and provisions. Several other financial figures are included to give understand about how well the branch did in their overall business operation. In addition, available documents related to credit rating process and credit management policies in BIDV will be obtained to provide more un- derstanding about how the branch manages its credit activities in both qualitative and quantitative ways. Research Scope & Constraints The thesis is based on internship research undertaken in BIDV - Dien Bien Phu, Hai Phong branch.
Because of limitation of time and collectible data, it will be nar- rowed down to a three-year period analysis of the branch’s performance in credit risk management. The period chosen is from 2009 to 2011, which is considered to be the most up-to-date available data. The drawback of the research comes from limitations of accessible data. Time constraints as well as high information security requirement in banks create significant disadvantages to access to primary data.
As a result, secondary data will be the major source used for the analysis. The lack of primary data may somehow affect the accu- racy and update of the thesis’s conclusion in the studying topic. The list of references collected can be checked at the end of the paper. Furthermore, the paper focuses on Supervisor: Mr.
Le Duc Hoang, MBA Pham Quang Huy – Advanced Program 50 11 qualitative analysis, due to limited time causing difficulty to collect sufficient sample data to conduct a meaningful quantitative model. Lastly, there is lack of official meaningful industry benchmarks to evaluate per- formance of a bank, including its credit risk management. Therefore, it may be not ab- solutely efficient and practically accurate in evaluating the business results of the branch. Thesis Structure The paper’s content is organized in 4 main parts as follows.
- Chapter 1: To introduce the topic of the thesis - Chapter 2: To present theoretical backgrounds to serve research of the report - Chapter 3: To analysis and evaluate operation of BIDV and its branch on Dien Bien Phu Street, Hai Phong in credit risk management. This part also highlight strengths and weaknesses that may exist in operation of the branch, focusing on matters re- lated to credit risk control. - Chapter 4: To recommend a number of suggestions in solving existing problems. Le Duc Hoang, MBA Pham Quang Huy – Advanced Program 50 12 CHAPTER II: THEORETICAL BACKGROUND 2.
Overview About Commercial Bank 2. Definition of Bank Banking is one of the key drivers of the national economy. Among all types of financial institutions, banks are the oldest and most familiar. There are many ways to define what a bank is.
It can be stated in terms of the economic functions it serves, the services it offers its customers, or the legal basis for its existence. In history, banks are often identified for the scope of services offered. Typically, the menu contains accepting deposits, making commercial loans, offering trust ser- vices, managing cash or portfolios. According to functional classification, a bank is a financial institution and a fi- nancial intermediary that accepts deposits, and channels those deposits into lending ac- tivities, directly or through capital markets.
It performs fund transference from savers to borrowers, and payment function for goods or services. However, the economic as well as financial market have changed greatly from their origins, both domestically and internationally. For the centuries, their competitors have invaded banking business by trying to make their products as similar as possible to banks’ offers. Those are savings and thrift associations, credit unions, money market funds, investment banks, security brokers and dealers, investment companies, mutual funds, hedge funds, finance firms, insurance companies, and financial-service con- Supervisor: Mr.
Le Duc Hoang, MBA Pham Quang Huy – Advanced Program 50 13 glomerates. Pressured by its financial-service competitors, banks have faced an huge evolvement of expanding into new market. Banking service menu and increasing inter- ference of other financial institution create confusion arising in differentiating between banks and other financial institutions. Thus, a legal definition of banks must be re- quired to make clear recognitions.