Dissertation submitted in partial fulfillment of the Requirement for the MSc in Finance FINANCE DISSERTATION ON COMPANY ANALYSIS AND VALUATION OF HOA PHAT JOINT STOCK COMPANY (HPG), HOA SEN GROUP (HSG), NAM KIM STEEL JOINT STOCK COMPANY (NKG) & POMINA STEEL CORPORATION (POM) PHAM THUY DUNG ID No: 21071798 Intake 5 Supervisor: Assoc. Pham Duc Cuong September 2022 1 17014126246151000000 ACKNOWLEDGEMENT I truly benefited from the fifteen months I spent pursuing the Master of Science in Finance at the University of the West of England and the Banking Academy, and I will never forget them. I will cherish my stay in the UK for the rest of my life since it was a priceless experience. I have never had the opportunity to interact with so many different nationalities before.
I want to start by saying how grateful I am to my supervisor Pham Duc Cuong. From developing the research approach to finalizing the organization and completion of my work, he provided me with many insightful remarks and excellent ideas. Second, I want to thank Banking Academy for providing me with the scholarship that made it possible for me to enroll in this course. Thirdly, I want to express my gratitude to my parents for their unwavering and constant support throughout my whole life.
I also want to express my appreciation to Dang Thi Thao, who provided me with a lot of advice and support when I was studying. Finally, I want to express my gratitude to all of the UWE instructors and staff members who helped me during the course. Dung Pham Hanoi 18th September 2022 i EXECUTIVE SUMMARY This dissertation focuses on four significant Vietnamese steel companies: Hoa Phat Group Joint Stock Company (HPG), Hoa Sen Group (HSG), Nam Kim Steel Joint Stock Company (NKG), and POMINA Steel Corporation (POM). In an effort to provide investors with thorough guidance and useful investment suggestions about these firms, it evaluates all internal and external aspects impacting the performance and future of the companies.
The thesis asserts that there are opportunities for the Vietnamese steel market to expand and prosper based on the macroeconomic study. First off, there is a big need for infrastructure investment in Vietnam. Second, the urbanization rate in Vietnam is still rather low. According to the industry analysis, health issues are present alongside shifting subcategory duties.
As a result, producers need to develop more creative strategies and have a better grasp of how categories are changing in the upcoming years. After doing a business study, it becomes clear that HPG and HSG are the market leaders in Vietnam's steel industry since they have consistently grown significantly over time in tandem with the steel market. Additionally, they are in outstanding financial shape since their financial ratios are higher than those expected for their industry. According to NKG's financial data, the company has a ton of potential.
POM is recognized as a trustworthy company for long-term investment, despite the fact that its financial records show a worse financial status than other companies in the same industry. The valuation model is used to determine the intrinsic values of the four firms. Target prices for HPG, HSG, NKG, and POM are VND29,700, VND32,200, VND40,100, and VND12,400, respectively. For each stock, recommendations are created after combining all evaluations.
ii Page ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS i EXECUTIVE SUMMARY ii TABLE OF CONTENTS iii ABBEVIATIONS vi LIST OF TABLES vii LIST OF FIGURES viii TABLE OF CONTENTS CHAPTER 1: INTRODUCTION .1 AN OVERVIEW ON THE GLOBAL AND VIETNAM STEEL INDUSTRY.2 AREA OF THE STUDY.4 METHODS OF THE STUDY .5 ORGANIZATION OF THE STUDY. 4 CHAPTER 2: MACROECONOMICS ANALYSIS .1 WORLD ECONOMIC OUTLOOK FOR 2021 AND 2022 .2 THE VIETNAM ECONOMY. Key macroeconomic factors analysis. Summary of the Vietnam economy.
16 CHAPTER 3: INDUSTRY ANALYSIS – PORTER 5 FORCES FRAMEWORK .1 THREAT OF NEW ENTRANTS. Barriers to entry, capital requirements. Access to distribution channels .2 BARGAINING POWER OF CUSTOMERS. Number and size of customers.
Differences between competitors. Customers’ information availability .3 BARGAINING POWER OF SUPPLIERS. Number and size of suppliers. Focal company’s ability to substitute.
Uniqueness of each supplier’s product. Number and size of competitors. Barriers to exit .5 THREAT OF SUBSTITUTES. Number substitute products available.
Buyer propensity to substitute. 24 CHAPTER 4: COMPANY ANALYSIS .1 HOA PHAT GROUP (HPG). Financial statement analysis of HPG .2 HOA SEN GROUP (HSG). Financial statement analysis of HSG .3 NAM KIM STEEL (NKG).
Financial statement analysis of NKG .4 POMINA STEEL CORPORATION (POM). Financial statement analysis of POM .1 CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS. 71 APPENDIX I: BALANCE SHEET OF HPG. 73 APPENDIX II: INCOME STATEMENT OF HPG.
74 APPENDIX III: BALANCE SHEET OF HSG. 75 APPENDIX IV: INCOME STATEMENT OF HSG. 76 APPENDIX V: BALANCE SHEET OF NKG. 77 APPENDIX VI: INCOME STATEMENT OF NKG.
78 APPENDIX VII: BALANCE SHEET OF POM. 79 APPENDIX VIII: INCOME STATEMENT OF POM. 80 v ABBEVIATIONS APEC Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation ASEAN Association of South East Asian Nations BF-BOF Furnace-Basic Oxygen Furnace CAGR Compound Annual Growth Rate CPI Consumer Price Index CPTPP Comprehensive and Progressive Agreement for Trans-Pacific Partnership EAF Electric Arc Furnace EU European Union EVFTA European Union-Vietnam Free Trade Agreement GDP Gross Domestic Product GSO General Statistics Office HOSE Ho Chi Minh City Stock Exchange HPG Hoa Phat Joint Stock Company HRC Hot-Rolled Coil HSG Hoa Sen Group IIP Index of Industrial Production IMF International Monetary Fund JSC Joint Stock Company NKG Nam Kim Steel Joint Stock Company PESTEL Political Economical Social Technical Environmental Legal POM Pomina Steel Corporation R&D Research and Development UN United Nations US United States USD United States Dollar VND Vietnam Dong VNR Vietnam Report VSA Vietnam Steel Association WB World Bank WEO World Economic Outlook WTO World Trade Organization vi LIST OF TABLES Table 4.1 SWOT analysis of HPG 28 Table 4.2 Summary of essential financial statement of HPG 30 (2018-2021) Table 4.3 P/S, P/B and P/E ratio of HPG, HSG, NKG, VCA, 34 POM Table 4.4 Price multiples valuation for HPG 35 Table 4.5 Essential financial data of HPG 35 Table 4.6 Free cash flow model for HPG 36 Table 4.7 Target price of HPG 36 Table 4.8 SWOT analysis of HSG 39 Table 4.9 Summary of essential financial statement of HSG 41 (2018-2021) Table 4.10 Price multiples valuation for HSG 46 Table 4.11 Essential financial data of HSG 46 Table 4.12 Free cash flow model for HSG 47 Table 4.13 Target price of HSG 47 Table 4.14 SWOT analysis of NKG 49 Table 4.15 Summary of essential financial statement of NKG 51 (2018-2021) Table 4.16 Price multiples valuation for NKG 55 Table 4.17 Essential financial data of NKG 56 Table 4.18 Free cash flow model for NKG 56 Table 4.19 Target price of NKG 56 Table 4.20 SWOT analysis of POM 59 Table 4.21 Summary of essential financial statement of POM 61 Table 4.22 Price multiples valuation for POM 65 Table 4.23 Essential financial data of POM 66 Table 4.24 Free cash flow model for POM 66 Table 2.25 Target price of POM 67 Table 5.1 Investment recommendations for HPG, HSG, NKG 68 and POM vii LIST OF FIGURES Figure 2. Inflation Trends 2021 6 Figure 2.2 The GDP growth (annual %) – Vietnam from 2010 13 to 2021 Figure 2.3 The inflation rate of Vietnam from 2010 to 2021 15 Figure 2.4 The index of industrial production of Vietnam from 16 8/2021 - 8/2022 Figure 4.1 HPG’s Revenue 2015 - 2019 26 Figure 4.2 Organization structure of HPG 27 Figure 4.3 Gross profit margin & net profit margin of HPG 30 (2018-2021) Figure 4.4 ROE & ROA of HPG (2018-2021) 31 Figure 4.5 Current ratio & quick ratio of HPG (2018-2021) 32 Figure 4.6 Debt-equity & debt of HPG (2018-2021) 32 Figure 4.7 Total asset turnover & fix asset turnover of HPG 33 (2018-2021) Figure 4.8 EPS & P/E of HPG (2018-2021) 34 Figure 4.9 Organization structure of HSG 39 Figure 4.10 Gross profit margin & net profit margin of HSG 42 (2018-2021) Figure 4.11 ROE & ROA of HSG (2018-2021) 43 Figure 4.12 Current ratio & quick ratio of HSG (2018-2021) 43 Figure 4.13 Debt-equity & debt of HSG (2018-2021) 44 Figure 4.14 Total asset turnover & fix asset turnover of HSG 44 (2018-2021) Figure 4.15 EPS & P/E of HSG (2018-2021) 45 Figure 4.16 Organization structure of NKG 49 Figure 4.17 Gross profit margin & net profit margin of NKG 51 (2018-2021) Figure 4.18 ROE & ROA of NKG (2018-2021) 52 Figure 4.19 Current ratio & quick ratio of NKG (2018-2021) 53 Figure 4.20 Debt-equity & debt of NKG (2018-2021) 53 Figure 4.21 Total asset turnover & fix asset turnover of NKG 54 (2018-2021) Figure 4.22 EPS & P/E of NKG (2018-2021) 55 viii Figure 4.23 Organization structure of POM 59 Figure 4.24 Gross profit margin & net profit margin of POM 62 (2018-2021) Figure 4.25 ROE & ROA of POM (2018-2021) 62 Figure 4.26 Current ratio & quick ratio of POM (2018-2021) 63 Figure 4.27 Debt-equity & debt of POM (2018-2021) 63 Figure 4.28 Total asset turnover & fix asset turnover of POM 64 (2018-2021) Figure 4.29 EPS & P/E of POM (2018-2021) 65 ix CHAPTER 1: INTRODUCTION 1.1 AN OVERVIEW ON THE GLOBAL AND VIETNAM STEEL INDUSTRY In the globe, steel ranks with coal, cement, oil, and wood in terms of usage due to its complexity and diversity.
Furthermore, every significant sector uses it, including those in building, infrastructure, automotive and transportation, packaging and manufacturing, and home appliances. According to the investigation of the World steel association in 2019, the steel sector turned iron ore into a variety of goods that were sold for a combined yearly value of US $2. Its industrial processes generated approximately $500 billion in "added value" and employed more than 6 million people globally. There are 13 additional employments supported by the steel industry's supply chain for every two jobs in the steel sector.
The worldwide supply chain for the steel sector employs almost 40 million people, adding value worth more than US $1. In 2017, the steel industry provided an additional 49 million employees worldwide (The world steel association, 2019). However, the demand for steel seems to be starting a phase of slower growth after two decades of rapid increase in many developed countries. During the first nine months of 2020, the fall in steel exports accelerated for the majority of economies.
Steel exports fell during this time in the following countries: the EU (18. On the other hand, during the first three quarters of 2020, steel shipments from Russia and India surged by 12. The requirement for steel in sectors including construction, transportation, and household appliances is increasing as Vietnam's economy grows and citizens' standards of living go higher. Many steel companies have been drawn to Vietnam to expand their steel production due to the country's rapidly growing steel demand.
Vietnam's COVID-19 pandemic has been successfully handled there, therefore the steel industry there was not seriously harmed in 2020. Overall, Vietnam's steel sector is still expanding. The real estate sector has a direct impact on steel demand. However, COVID-19 caused the real estate sector to be somewhat dormant in 2020.
The recovery of the real estate and construction industries in 2021 will 1 increase the steel industry's output. Moreover, if Vietnam's industrial and construction sectors grow quickly, so will the need for steel. It is predicted that Vietnam's infrastructure, including its highways, airports, and other buildings, as well as its housing, automotive, home appliance, and other sectors, would all continue to expand quickly between 2022 and 2031. According to the Ministry of Transportation, the Government expects to have 3,000 km of roadways throughout the whole nation by the year 2025 (from the current 1,163 km of highways).
The expected capital growth also increased by 43.