MINISTRY OF EDUCATION MINISTRY OF ARGRICULTURE AND TRAINING AND RURAL DEVELOPMENT PHAN TUAN ANH MODELING STORM SURGE AND FLOOD MAPPING FOR KIEN THUY AND DO SON DISTRICT, HAI PHONG CITY THESIS OF MASTER DEGREE Ha Noi, 2016 MINISTRY OF EDUCATION MINISTRY OF ARGRICULTURE AND TRAINING AND RURAL DEVELOPMENT PHAN TUAN ANH MODELING STORM SURGE AND FLOOD MAPPING FOR KIEN THUY AND DO SON DISTRICT, HAI PHONG CITY Major: Coastal Engineering and Management Majors code: 62580203 SUPERVISORS: 1. Tran Thanh Tung 2. Le Tuan Hai Declaration I declare that I have developed and written the enclosed Master Thesis completely by myself, and have not used sources or means without declaration in the text. Any thoughts from others or literal quotations are clearly marked.
The Master Thesis was not used in the same or in a similar version to achieve an academic grading or is being published elsewhere. Ha Noi, Aug 17, 2016 Author Phan Tuan Anh Preface I first thank my parents and my brother for their support throughout not only the past two years, but throughout my entire life. I am truly grateful for all the opportunities and support provided by my family at every juncture of my life. After 20 weeks with my efforts and help of my teachers, colleagues, I have completed my thesis with the subject “MODELING STORM SURGE AND FLOOD MAPPING FOR KIEN THUY AND DO SON DISTRICT, HAI PHONG CITY”.
I am thankful for my advisors Assoc. Dr Tran Thanh Tung and Dr. Le Tuan Hai. This thesis would never have reached completion without their guidance and assistance.
Dr Tran Thanh Tung provided insightful edits and innovative approaches that helped shaped parts of this thesis. Le Tuan Hai provided guidance, especially in Mike model, that ensured the result of calculation was comprehensive and accurate. I am forever grateful to the Faculty of Marine and Coastal Engineering and Thuy loi University gave me a meaning course. I had a lot of knowledge and reality experiences in 02 years study.
I would like to thank Dr. Tang Xuan Tho who helps me collect data and guide me in a field trip to study area. Last but not least, I am thankful to my friends and colleagues for their support, encourage and advices. I hope you will enjoy reading this thesis.
TABLE OF CONTENT INTRODUCTION 00115. - - cà kg TH TH TH HH HH kt 1 2. Research objects and S€OD. HH HH TH HH HH HH HH 3 4.
Approach and method0ÌO8Ø. - - -- - - 5 3231332113 11191111 11 9 111g ng ngư 3 CHAPTER 1: OVERVIEWS OF STUDY OF STORM SURGE.1 Overview of study in the WorÏd.2 Overview of study in Viet Nam and Hai Phong .3 Overview of research methodology and fooÌs.1 Geographical location, administrative bowndaries.3 Geological and soil chardCf€FiSfiCS .4 Meteorology and climate characteristics. cv kg ệp 17 1.2 Relative Humidity nh. cv TK TH kg in 18 LAA WIN na .5 Storm and tropical (Ï@]TY€SSÏOfH.5 Economical and social chardcf€riSfiCS.--ẶẶS Sex 20 CHAPTER 2: SETUP NUMERICAL MODEL TO SIMULATE STORM SURGE FOR STUDY 0.1 Data collection and AmallySis.- - SG kg kg key 23 2.
SH HH HH nh rệt 24 2.2 Introduction of Mike Mordel.- óc kg rưệt 31 VN.2 Theory of Mike 21 Imodl©ÏL.3 Theoretical basis of MIKE 21 Toolbox to calculate fide.4 Theoretical basis of MIKE 21 Toolbox to calculate atmospheric field and WINE fOVCIIG .- s9 ng HH HH Hi hà 36 P<5ZM).-- SG SH HH HH HH nh 39 VU 6S.5 Setting parameters of big I0dleÏ. ScSs se sisiikeireirey 41 2.4 Calibration and verification of simulation model .2 Verification of storm surge Model .cccccccccceseeseessteseeteeeeeeseeesenseenseeaaes 45 CHAPTER 3: SIMULATING STORM SURGE1.1 Develop sC€enarÏOS.- Gà HH TH TH HH HH HH Hy 50 3.4 Develop calculated stafÏOIn.- G11 SH HH ng ng 54 3.5 Result of storm surge simulation .6 Analysis results of simulation modelÌ.- - -- 5 S5 *‡++vxesvsseeeeseeseses 64 CHAPTER 4: FLOODING SIMULATION AND DEVELOP FLOOD MAPPING DUE TO STORM SURGE OF KIEN THUY AND DO SON DISTRICT .1 Setup flood model .I Domain and Hi€SH.2 BathyIm€fTy đQqÍŒ.SS ST SH HH HH tk, 66 4. Input DOUuHd@Fi€S.àĂĂẶSĂ ST Hi 67 4.Ă SG SĂ SH key 69 4.5 Setup parameters offlood rmodl6Ï.2 Results of flood modeÌ. - s5 c1 930193991 901 9n TH nu ng ng 71 4.3 Building flood mappÏng.-- - - -- c1 1293k ng nh HH ng Hy 73 4.1 Appying GIS software to build flood mappig.ĂẶĂĂẶS ST SH HH HH tr re 74 4.
Ăn TH KH TH KH Hư 74 4.2 AAIMINiStVAliVE MAP nnốốe.4 Results of flood mapping .- ---- - c1 2221112111125 218115111111 EEkrrree 78 CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDA TION. HH HH TH Hà Hà HH TH TH Hàn Hành 85 ˆ j0 0009 008. 89 LIST OF EIGURES Fig 1.1 Administrative map of Hai Phong City .-- 5 <5 5 + * vs *‡seeesereeers 13 Fig 1.2 Sea dikes 2 is protecting populated areas .-- 5 + St reeeey 15 Fig 1.3 Do Son beach. 1 Hai Phong city map scale 1:5ÖU.- 5 Ăn HH HH Hư 22 Fig 2.2 Digital elevation model DEM (30x30m) of study area .3 Distribution of storm’s direction landfall in Hai Phong coast.
4 Module Mike 21FM of Mike ZZ€TO.-- Ác 5 vn ng He 32 Fig 2.5 Domain of big model cover small modeÌL.6 Domain of small more Ì. - - -- + 31333218391 E%29EE+£EEEEEEEEEsEEeeekreeserreerree 37 II-ð2/01/(1i00091-ãi131 20001077 .8 Mesh of small TmO(€ÌL. 5 6 +61 1113111311195 911 1 91 91 1v HH re 39 Fig 2.9 Bathymetry of big model .10 Bathymetry of small TO(€ÌL. 5 <6 5633213318331 E£2EE+EeEEseeereeeereseeeree 40 Fig 2.11 Boundary conditions of big model (03 water boundaries, 01 land boundary)40 Fig 2.12 Water boundary in North East — Code 2 of big model .13 Comparision of water level in calibration of tidal model .14 Comparision of water level in verification of tidal model.15 Tracking of the typhoon Kalmaegi on 09/2Ö1.16 Wind forcing data of storm surge MOdel] .17 Comparision of water level in verification of storm surge model.1 Track of the typhoon Sarah 1n 1977.
cee eceecceseeseeseeseeseeeeeeeeeeeseeeseseeaeeaeenee 51 Fig 3.2 Setup storm surge model (big model) of scenario Ì. Wind forcing of scenario Ì.- G5331 nh nh 54 Fig 3.4 Location map of calculated Sfaf1OIIS.5 Water level map of Scenario 1. 5G 113211821113 1113 111 11 1 ng rrn 56 Fig 3.6 Comparison of total water level of scenario 1 .7 Water level of tidal mO€ÌL.8 Wind forcing data of storm surge model in SC€nar1O 2.9 Water level map Of SC€TATIO 2 .- -GG 1119101119301 991 19v ng ngư 60 Fig 3.10 Comparision of total water level (storm surge + tide) of scenario 2.11 Wind forcing data of storm surge model in scenario 3.12 Water level map of SCeNATIO 3. -- G1 20118310188 31 13811 1 11 1 ng rrn 63 Fig 3.13 Comparison of total water level (storm surge + tide) of scenario 3.14 Compare highest water level of storm surge model in 03 scenarios .1 Domain of flood model (small model) .-- - <5 5 + +s*£++se+sexsseeeses 65 vi Fig 4.2 Mesh Generator in Flood model (small model) .3 Bathymetry data of flood model .- - -- << + + ++EE+eeeEeeeereeeeereerersee 67 Fig 4.4 Tool for extracting results of big model to boundaries of small model.5 Boundaries of flood rmOđ€Ì.-- - - 5 +6 +3 19313 *E 93 E1 1v nrnrưkp 68 Fig 4.6 One of boundaries (code 2) of flood model .7 Import characteristic of infrastructure to flood model .8 After import infrastructures (sea dikel, sea dike 2, express WayS.9 Result of flood simulation in scenario 1 .10 Result of flood simulation in SC€TATIO 2 0.11 Result of flood model in scenario 3 .-- 555 + 3+2 ++vE+veeEeeeeeeereesee 73 Fig 4.12 Methodology for building flood mappIngỹ.13 Total water depth of flood moeÌ.14 After eliminate unsubmerged area of study area.---- 55s <<ss++ssx+ss2 75 Fig 4.15 Classification of flood depth.16 Administrative map of Study aT€â.- G 11H ng ng ng rệt 77 Fig 4.17 Flood mapping of study area in scenario Ì.18 Flood mapping of study area in SCeMATIO 2 .19 Flood mapping of study area 1n SCeMATIO 3 .-- 5 cv seeekeerke 80 vii LIST OF TABLES.1 Typical monthly and annual average temperature (unit ”C).2 Typical monthly and annual average relative humidity (Unit: %).
3 Typical monthly and annual average evaporation (Unit: %). 4 Average monthly and annual wind speed.- -- «+ +«sx++seesseesss 19 Table 2.1 List of typhoons affected to Hai Phong coast from 1952 to 2015. 2 Details of some strong typhoon landfall on Hai Phong coast.4 Parameters of big mO€Ì.5 Track of the typhoon KaÌÏIna€ØI1.6 Parameters of the typhoon KaÏmaegØ1.7 Result of calculation of the Nash Sutcliffe index .1 Classification of flooding zone of Ministry of Natural Resources & EMVIrONMEeNt 808000080088.2 Scenarios of storm surge sInulfIOTI.3 Tracking information of the typhoon Sarah.-- s55 cc++ssssssseeerse 51 Table 3.4 Parameters of the typhoon Saraln.5 Location of 06 calculated SfafÏOTAS.6 Highest water level of 06 stations in scenario Í.8 Parameters of the supposal typhoon in SCeNari0 2.9 Result of storm surge model Of SCENATIO 2.10 Parameters of the supposal typhoon in scenar1O 3 .11 Result of storm surge model of scenario 3. eee ee eeeseeeeeeeeeeeeeeeseeseeeees 64 Table 4.- 5 + 3199319019 9 ng ng nh ng ngự 70 Table 4.2 Flood depth is presented by COLL .- 5 5632 1323 E+#EE+eereeeereseerre 76 Table 4.3 Statistics of flooded area 1n Scenarid Ì.- 25s vn vs seevseere 81 Table 4.4 Statistics of flooded area 1n SC€TATIO 2.
eee eeceesceeetsceeteeeaeeeeeteceeeeeneeeees 81 Table 4.5 Statistics of flooded area in sC€TATIO 3. eeeeceescceseeeeeeteeesecececseeeneeeaeeeees 81 viii INTRODUCTION 1. Necessity of research ‘Along with increase of greenhouse effect, pollution due to climate change cause of global warming, melting ice and rising sea levels are increasingly more and more complex developments in the world, According to the fifth Assessment Report of the IPCC on the status of current climate change, sea level rise will not be uniform across regions. By the end of 21st century, it is very likely that sea level will rise more approximately 95% of the ocean, Sea le el se dey ends on quantity of CO; not only total cumulative; emissions total accumulated together and sooner rather than later due toa larger mitigation of sea level rise, About 70% of worldwide coast are projected to experience sea level change within + 20% the global average [1] ‘Scientific studies show that increased storms due to climate change include two key clements.
The first one is the sea surges due to thermal expansion and ice melting tantly. A recent study showed that sea level rise could reach 1 meter or more in this century. The second, a warmer ocean increases the likelihood of a tornado caused ‘of increasing high storm surge. Because ofclimate change rise, storm surge flooding II facilitate more damage in adjacent coastal areas and low-lying areas, Large storm surges greater threat of destruction in the future because they will move inland, the threat level larger area than before.
In addition, major storms can cause burst dikes, severely affecting coastal works, with coastal cities increased, people's lives will be affected more, World history has witnessed the typhoon Side which attacks Bangladesh coast in November 2007, killed more than 3.000 people, injured more than 50,000 people, damaged or destroyed more than 1.5 million households, and affected to life of more than 7 million people [2]. Vietnam is a country located on the west coast seaside of the East China Sea, with geopolitical and geoeconomic very important not only to Viet Nam but also other countries.