ĐẠI HỌC QUỐC GIA HÀ NỘI KHOA QUẢN TRỊ VÀ KINH DOANH --------------------- TRƯƠNG QUỐC DƯƠNG SOME SOLUTIONS TO TACKLE RISK OF CHANGES IN EXCHANGE RATE FOR ENTERPRISES BORROWING JOINT STOCK COMMERCIAL BANK FOR INVESTMENT AND DEVELOPMENT OF VIETNAMAT SO GIAO DICH 1 BRANCH MỘT SỐ GIẢI PHÁP HẠN CHẾ RỦI RO TỶ GIÁ ĐỐI VỚI DOANH NGHIỆP VAY VỐN TẠI NGÂN HÀNG TMCP ĐẦU TƯ VÀ PHÁT TRIỂN VIỆT NAM – CHI NHÁNH SỞ GIAO DỊCH 1 LUẬN VĂN THẠC SĨ QUẢN TRỊ KINH DOANH HÀ NỘI - 2018 LUAN VAN CHAT LUONG download : add luanvanchat@agmail.com ĐẠI HỌC QUỐC GIA HÀ NỘI KHOA QUẢN TRỊ VÀ KINH DOANH --------------------- TRƯƠNG QUỐC DƯƠNG SOME SOLUTIONS TO TACKLE RISK OF CHANGES IN EXCHANGE RATE FOR ENTERPRISES BORROWING JOINT STOCK COMMERCIAL BANK FOR INVESTMENT AND DEVELOPMENT OF VIETNAMAT SO GIAO DICH 1 BRANCH MỘT SỐ GIẢI PHÁP HẠN CHẾ RỦI RO TỶ GIÁ ĐỐI VỚI DOANH NGHIỆP VAY VỐN TẠI NGÂN HÀNG TMCP ĐẦU TƯ VÀ PHÁT TRIỂN VIỆT NAM – CHI NHÁNH SỞ GIAO DỊCH 1 Chuyên ngành: Quản trị kinh doanh Mã số: 60 34 01 02 LUẬN VĂN THẠC SĨ QUẢN TRỊ KINH DOANH NGƯỜI HƯỚNG DẪN KHOA HỌC: TS. NGUYỄN THỊ KIM Hà Nội - 2018 LUAN VAN CHAT LUONG download : add luanvanchat@agmail.com DECLARATION The author confirms that the research outcome in the thesis is the result of author’s independent work during study and research period and it is not yet published in other’s research and article. The other’s research result and documentation (extraction, table, figure, formula, and other document) used in the thesis are cited properly and the permission (if required) is given. The author is responsible in front of the Thesis Assessment Committee, Hanoi School of Business and Management, and the laws for above-mentioned declaration./01/2018 LUAN VAN CHAT LUONG download : add luanvanchat@agmail.com ACKNOWLEDGEMENT “During the process of fulfilling this master’s thesis, I have received many necessary assistances.
First of all, I would like to express my sincere thanks to Ms.Nguyen Thi Kim Oanh. PhD, the supervisor of this research, who has created favorable conditions, instructed and helped enthusiastically as well as responsibly to me during the thesis. Secondly, I also appreciate the teachers in Hanoi School Of Business And Management – Vietnam National University, the scientists, the authors of scientific papers helping me complete this essay” LUAN VAN CHAT LUONG download : add luanvanchat@agmail.com TABLE OF CONTENTSS TABLE OF CONTENTSS .1 LIST OF TABLES. ii LIST OF CHARTS AND FIGURES.
Rationale of the study. Organization of the thesis. 6 Chapter 1: Theoretical framework on exchange rate risk and reduction of exchange rate risk for corporate borrowers at commercial banks .1 Overview of exchange rate risk .2 Influence of exchange rate risk .3 Classification of exchange rate risk .2 Reduction of exchange rate risk for corporate borrowers at commercial banks .2 Necessity of reducing exchange rate risk for corporate borrowers .3 Contents of reducing exchange rate risk for enterprises.4 Factors affecting the reduction of exchange rate risk for corporate borrowers .3 Experience in reducing exchange rate risk of some commercial banks. 20 Chapter 2: Reality of reducing exchange rate risk for corporate borrowers at BIDV – Sogiaodich1 Branch.1 Introduction of BIDV – Sogiaodich1 Branch .1 Foundation and development history.
27 LUAN VAN CHAT LUONG download : add luanvanchat@agmail.2 Reality of exchange rate risk for corporate borrowers at BIDV – Sogiaodich1 Branch .1 Results of loan offering to corporate customers at BIDV – Sogiaodich1 Branch .2 Reality of risks for corporate borrowers at BIDV – Sogiaodich1 Branch.3 Some solutions to reduce exchange rate risk for corporate borrowers at BIDV – Sogiaodich1 Branch .4 Factors affecting the reduction of exchange rate risk for corporate borrowers at BIDB – Sogiaodich1 Branch .1 Bank-related factors .2 Enterprise-related factors .3 Environment-related factors .5 Assessment of the reduction of exchange rate risk for enterprises borrowing funds from BIDV – Sogiaodich1 Branch .3 Causes of the limitations. 52 Chapter 3: Solutions to reduce exchange rate risk for corprate borrowers at BIDV – Sogiaodich1 Branch.1 Development orientation of BIDV – Sogiaodich1 Branch .2 Development orientations in the next five years .3 Orientation to reduce exchange rate risk for corporate borrowers .2 Solutions to improve the reduction of exchange rate risk for corporate borrowers at BIDV – Sogiaodich1 Branch .1 Diversifying and improving the quality of derivatives. Enhancing the position of the branch .3 Improving the level of consultant team of exchange rate risk prevention.4 Increasing relevant sources of information .2 To the State. 65 LUAN VAN CHAT LUONG download : add luanvanchat@agmail.com ABBREVIATIONS NO.
ABBREVIATIONS FULL FORMS 1 BIDV Joint Stock Commercial Bank for Investment and Development of Vietnam 2 CEO Chief Executive Office 3 LC Letter Credit 4 US United States 5 UK United Kingdom 6 VND Viet Nam Dong i LUAN VAN CHAT LUONG download : add luanvanchat@agmail.com LIST OF TABLES Table 2.1: Business results of the branch in the stage of 2014 -2016 .1: Results of lending operations to export enterprises .2: Results of lending operations to import enterprises.3: List of risks for export enterprises .4: Risk structure of lending operations to export enterprises .5: List of risks for import enterprises .6 Risk structure of lending operations to import enterprises .7: Forward contract of foreign currency transaction of BIDV .8: Number and value of forward contracts with export enterprises .9: Number and value of forward contracts with import enterprises .10: Number of future, swap and option contracts .11: Results of survey with customers on the diversity of exchange rate risk products .12: Results of survey with customers on exchange rate risk consultants .13: Results of survey with customers on prestige of the bank .14: Results of survey with customers on charges of exchange rate risk preventive tools .15: Results of survey with customers on enterprises’ perception .16: Results of survey with customers on enterprises’ ability to take risks .17: Results of survey with customers on enterprises’ ability to analyze and forecast market. 50 ii LUAN VAN CHAT LUONG download : add luanvanchat@agmail.com LIST OF CHARTS AND FIGURES Figure 2.1: Organizational structure of BIDV – Sogiaodich1 Branch .1 Results of export and import financing for corporate customers .1 Basis of risks for export enterprises.2 Basis of risks for import enterprises. 40 iii LUAN VAN CHAT LUONG download : add luanvanchat@agmail. Rationale of the study Any business activities related to exchange ratearelikely to suffer from exchange rate risk.
In international trading activities, export- import enterprisesall face foreign exchange risk. For importers, the foreign exchange risk arises when foreign currencies to be paid in the future increase in price compared to the domestic currency,particularly when a customer opens an L/C to importmachinery and equipment to create fixed assets or sellthem in the country. At the time of goods import, the exchange rate is low, so the company sellsgoods at low price. However, at the time of L/C settlement, the exchange rate increases sharply, leading to losses.Or whenan enterprise borrows money in foreign currency, its annual liabilities increase due to increased exchange rate will have to set up a large provision(the case of Pha Lai Thermal Power Joint Stock Company -stock code PPC).For exporters, the foreign exchange risk arises when foreign currencies to be received in the future reduce in price compared todomestic currency.
This happens in cases where exporters (especially agricultural and aquatic product exporters) sign contracts with their foreign counterparts and plan to buy domestic products for export.The exchange rate at the time of signing contracts is high. However, right after that, the exchange rate reducesand makes the revenue from export currency when converted into VND lower than the domestic purchase price, causing enterprises to suffer from losses. In addition, in the context wherecurrency inflation has become a common phenomenon, the purchasing power of currencies, including the key currency for international payment, always fluctuates anddirectly affects the interests of entities engaged in international trade, investment and credit transactions. Therefore, it is necessary to prevent exchange rate risk in export and import activities in particular and in business in general.
In order to prevent foreign exchange risk, credit institutions as well as enterprises often use tools such as forward transactions, swap transactions, option transactions and future transactions. These preventive activities have been remarkably paid attention in recent years when the exchange rate fluctuates unpredictably. In 2015, the exchange rate had changed four times.In the period of 2005 – 2015, the USD exchange rate increased from 11,000 to 22,000 dong. The main reason for exchange rate risk in foreign currency trading was that this business activity depends mainly on the changes of the world’s economy with such 1 LUAN VAN CHAT LUONG download : add luanvanchat@agmail.com typical events asthe devaluation of Chinese Renminbi inAugust, 2015, the Brexit event in June, 2016 and the rise of Brics (Brazil, Russia, India, China, South Africa) in the future.
Thus, withsuchpotential exchange rate risks for banks and import-export enterprises mentioned above, the fact that whether the foreign currency trading bringsprofitsto the banksdepends not only on how the banks manage risks but also on the ability to reduce exchange rate risk for corporate borrowers. Only by that way can the banksattractcorporate customers to borrow foreign currenciesfrom them. Recognizing this, in recent years, Joint Stock Commercial Bank for Investment and Development of Vietnam–Sogiaodich1 Branch(BIDV – Sogiaodich1 Branch) has taken many measures to limit the exchange rate risk for corporate customers. However, the efficiency of the work was not high due to lack of practical experience, insufficient time of participation in the international market of commercial banking system, inadequate professional qualifications and weak management experience.
Therefore, the study of solutions to limit the risk of exchange rates for corporate borrowersat the bank to attract export- import enterprisesis very important and has agreat practical significance. Starting from this reality, the author chose the topicentitled"Solutions to reduce exchange rate risk for corporate borrowers at Joint Stock Commercial Bank for Investment and Development of Vietnam – Sogiaodich1 Branch" as his thesis. Research overview The problem of managing exchange rate riskat commercial banks has been studied by many authors. However, the problem of limiting exchange rate risk for corporate borrowershas been rarely addressed.
Therefore, when conducting the research, the author referredto a number of articles on minimizing exchange rate riskfor import-export enterprises and some studies on exchange rate risk management at commercial banks, which were presented in the following contents. + The researchby a group of authors at Foreign Trade University (2013) on "Basic problems of exchange rate risk and management of exchange rate riskat Vietnamese export- import enterprises". In the study, the authors provided theoretical bases on exchange rate risk including concept, classification, causes and influence of exchange rate risk. Next, the authors analyzed the business operations as well as the reality of exchange rate risk at Vietnamese export-import enterprises.
From the analysis, the authors presented the orientations for overcoming exchange rate risk for Vietnamese export- import 2 LUAN VAN CHAT LUONG download : add luanvanchat@agmail.com enterprises such asusing exchange rate forecasting method, selecting foreign currencies for payment,using parallel exporting contract and using foreign exchange risk provision. However, the study of the authors was conducted on a macroscale, so the results of research were general. Moreover, the authors had not paid much attention to the tools forpreventing exchange rate riskprovided by commercial banks. + The research by a research team at Ho Chi Minh City University of Economics (2010) in the scientific research competition on "Use of foreign exchange derivatives to prevent exchange rate risk for Vietnam export- import enterprises".