UPPSALA UNIVERSITET & UNIVERSITY OF ECONOMICS & BUSINESS, VNUH ¬ q4. U?PSALA — UNIVERSITET “ MASTER THESIS OF MPPM SUBJECT: SOLUTIONS TO IMPROVE WATER ENVIRONMENT IN TO LICH RIVER Authors: Nguyễn Văn Huân Tạ Ngọc Sơn Supervisor: Dr. Sven-Erik Svard Local Supervisor: Dr. Nguyễn Thị Ngọc Huyền Class: MPPM INTAKE 4A - Group 03 Hanoi, March - 2012 ACKNOWNLEDGEMENTS For completing the postgraduate program and writing this thesis, we received many instructions, helps and suggestions form esteemed lecturers of University of Economics — Vietnam National Assembly, Hanoi and Uppsala University, Sweden.
First of all, we would like to express our thanks to esteemed lecturers of University of Economics — Vietnam National Assembly, Hanoi and Uppsala University, Sweden, especially to the lecturers who wholly- hearted taught during our study in the University. We are grateful to Assoc.Dr Nguyen Thi Ngoc Huyen and Dr. Sven-Erik Svard who devoted their highly valuable time and enthusiasm to instruct and help us in the course of our research and completing our griduation thesis. By the way, we also would like to express our thanks to Leadership of Hanoi Department of Natural Resources and Environment as well as the related authorities in Hanoi who facilitated us to approach the related artcles so that we approached accurate data in service of analyzing and conpleting our thesis with best performance.
Although we have made all best efforts to complete our thesis with all enthusiasm and abilities, we could not avoid shortcomings. Your vauable contributions would be highly appreciated. Hanoi, March - 2012 Nguyễn Văn Huân Tạ Ngọc Sơn ABSTRACT 1. Title: Solutions to improve water environment in To Lich River 2.
Level: Final assignment for Master Program in Public Management 3. Authors: Group 3/4A: Nguyễn Văn Huân; Tạ Ngọc Sơn 4. Supervisor: Associate Professor-Doctor Nguyễn Thi Ngọc Huyền; Doctor Sven-Erik Svärd 5. Date when the thesis is presented: February 2012 6.
Aim: To Lich River is one of four major important rivers of Hanoi'sdrainage system, butunder the pressure of urbanizationprocess, the river-bed is narrowed, protected river corridor is encroached upon in several sections; river water quality is increasingly polluted. In recent years, the authorities of Hanoi have had many solutions toimprove To Lich River. However, the river water qualityhas not been improved, water pollution _ levels remain very high with BOD, COD several times higher than permitted standards, seriously affect the health, activityand production ofcapital residents, especially those living along the river banks. The aim of the thesis is suggested to be the effective solution to improve water quality of the river.
Method: - Secondary data research method: search and research information on the theoretical framework of the project; also applied in understanding and analyzirg the reports related to research problems: report monitoring data, analysisof annualenvironmental status report on the environmental impact of projectsin the study area,report the resultsof the project, the prelimirary report, annual summary. relating tothe improvement of water environment of the river, it has beenimplemented by the authorities of Hanoi in recent years. - Field observations method (filming, photographing, fast recording.) that can simulate the overall picture on the status of pollution levels in the stucy area. - Methods of comparative, analysis, synthesis Mainly qualitative analysis, based on comparable data information which rela:ed to research problems have been synthesized.
The data collected would be revised, coding and analysis. During analysis, information processing, these tools support such as SWOT, PROBLEM TREE, MIND MAP, SMART, Force Field Analysis. have been used flexible appropriate for each type factors or research information. - Expert method In process of thesis implementation, we regularly consult experts: Supervisors of Vietnamese and Swedish.
The synthesis, analysis and evaluation of documents and data on pollution levels of the To Lich river water, we always get the help, advice and leadership of engineers of the Hanoi Department of Natural Resources and Envronment and the agencies and departments involved. Result & Conclusions: The topic described the overall pictureon the status of water pollution level of the river today, pointed out the causes ofpollution on which basis it proposed measures to reducepollution and gradually improve the water quality of the river,served daily life, production ofcapital residents, especially those living near the river basin. Suggestions for future research: Tae topic only approach researches on water pollution of the river through monitoring data, not to assess the impactseffects of polluted river water to people's health, to agriculture, industry, tourism. around the basin.
These areissues that need tohave further investment and research toapproach more comprehensive solutions to improve the overall river to meet the development requirements ofthe Capital. Contribution of the thesis: In this thesis, the environmental status of the river has been analyzed in a scientific way with rich data, the causes of waterpollution has also been pointed out.In particular, the thesisproposed highly feasible solutions that step by step improvethe water quality of the river creating cool and beautiful sceneryfor the river river. Key words: To Lich River, water pollution, river water, solutions, improvements, Hanoi. TABLE OF CONTENTS EOREWORD.
Reasons for choosing this topi 2. Research objective and questions. ResearCHỉ Obj€CÍÏV€. Research qI€SfÏOHS.
Scientific and practical significance of the research tifle. Research object and Scope. SCOPE Of VESCAPCH. Layout of the TheSis.
Concept of Environment and environmental pollution. Water and its importance in life. River water environment pollution and its effect on the people’s 3. Water environment pollution.
Effect of water environmental pollution .-e--c<cc«cse©es+eescess+ 13 CHAPTER II. Overview of Hanoi and To Lich river. Some generalities about thousand-year cultural Hanoi capital. Overview Of To Lich riverierssssrssssssvsssssssssssssssssecsssscsssesseseessassessesensees 19 II.
To Lich river water enyironment. Current status of To Lich river water €HVỈTOHIHH€HI.2 Situation of urban landscape architecture along the riversides.3 Cause of To Lich river water pollution. The implemented solutions to improve To Lich river water environment by the Hanoi PC.--<-<-< «<< ses<eessrssetseeeeeereeeeie 35 CHAPTER HI. Views on solve To Lich river water environment pollution.
Propose solutions to improving To Lich river water environment Of Hanoi People’ Committee. Propaganda, mobilization, calling for participation of community.2 To promulgate mechanisms and policies (specific regulations) on environmental protection of rivers and lakes in Hanoi. Sollutions to the river water quality improvement. Build up small scaled central waste water treatment plant in EVELY FIVEF SCCION.
Reasons for choosing this topic The ancient Hanoi locate in the confluence of Hong and Duong river. Red river is to the east, the West Lake is to the north, the Nhue river is to the west, the Kim Nguu river is to the south (a branch of the To lich river) and the To lich river is in the center. In former time, To lich river was the top beautiful spot and waterway life-line joining ancient imperial city and neighbouring regions. In former time, the To lich river rise form the Red river at Nguyen Sieu street.
Today, it runs parallel with Quan Thanh and Thuy Khue road and join the West Lake by 1 branch at the Ho village, and run through Buoi market to Cau Giau, Nga Tu So, Kim Giang and joins the Nhue river there. For many years under the pressure of urbanization, To Lich riverbed is narrowed, river protection corridor is encroached upon in many sections; river water quality is increasingly polluted seriously. The image of a beautiful river, a beautiful landscape of Hanoi has gradually disappeared and is replaced by the image of a “dead river” where accommodates wastewater of the river. As one of four main important rivers in the water drainage system of Hanoi, wastewater in To Lich river is mainly domestic wastewater and partly industrial wastewater.
War pollution in To Lich river has exerted great influence on the living condition of the city residents for many years, especially those living along the river. Additionally, water pollution in To Lich river flocks into Nhue river, causing serious pollution in Nhue river basin, especially in the confluence with Thinh Liet dam, river water quality is not sufficient to supply to agricultural production and aquaculture. Over the past years, various authorities of Hanoi have worked many solutions and projects for rehabilitating To Lich river. The embankment system on the two sides of the river has been built, riverbed encroachment points have been cleared to return the flow and waste on the river has been collected and restricted considerably.
However, To Lich river water quality has not been improved, water pollution remains at high level in which the content of BOD and COD is much higher than the permissible standard, critically affecting the health, life activities and production of the Capital residents, especially those living along the river. For this very reason, the research group has selected the title “Solutions to improving To Lich river water environment” in order to analyze actuality of To Lich river water environmental pollution, evaluate efficiency of solutions worked out by the various authorities of Hanoi over the past time and propose solutions to improving water environment of To Lich river in the coming time. Research objective and questions 2. Research objective - Establish theoretical framework in order to study actual water environment of To Lich river and solutions to improving water environment of To Lich river.
- Evaluate actual water environment of To Lich river and solutions to improving water environment of To Lich implemented by Hanoi city authorities. - Propose solutions to improving water environment of To Lich river in the coming time. Research questions During the realization of the Title, we have put 5 questions to study: - What is the State role to the environment in general and to the people’s life in particular? - What is water environment pollution and how does it affect the people’s life? - How is the actual water environment pollution of To Lich river at present? What is the reason for such pollution? - What solutions have various authorities of Hanoi worked out to improve water environment of To Lich? What is the efficiency of such solutions? - What are the main solutions to implement in the coming time in order to improve the quality of To Lich river water environment? 3. Scientific and practical significance of the research title - The title has put the results of studying, analyzing and evaluating actual water environmental pollution of To Lich river at present, concurrently pointing out reasons for such pollution.
The title has also systematized solutions to improving To Lich river that have been implemented by various authorities of Hanoi city over the past time, evaluated achievements and restrictions of such solutions; thereby proposing solutions to implement in the coming time in order to improve To Lich river water environment. - Hopefully, the Research title is also an useful field source of documents for the policymakers, competent authorities of Hanoi city in establishing and implementing projects for improving To Lich river water quality, returning to the river fresh water source and its inherent beauty. Research method - Research of secondary documents method: This method is adopted in seeking and studying information about the Theoretical framework of the tile (theory about river water environment and role of the various authorities in improving river water environment) through related researches, articles, books and magazines. This method is also adopted in studying and analyzing reports related to the research issue: report on observation figures, analysis of annual environmental actuality, report on environmental impact of the projects in the research area, report on project performance, annual summary reports by the specialized agencies such as Hanoi Department of Natural Resources and Environment, Hanoi Architectural Planning Department in order to analyze actual pollution of To Lich river water environment as well as analyzing and evaluating results of the solutions and projects related to the improvement of To Lich river water environment implemented by various authorities of Hanoi city over the past time.
- Field observation method (filming, photographing and quick recording): This is a visual method comprised of observing actual pollution of To Lich river water environment; observing combined with filming, photographing and quick recording.