1. CHƯƠNG 1: Introduction
1.1. Climate change, GHG emissions and environmental technological change
1.2. Identifying the research gap
1.3. Overview of the argument
2. CHƯƠNG 2: Getting the micro-foundations right: A critical reconstruction of the literature on technological change
2.1. Bounded rationality and its implications
2.2. Evolutionary economics approaches to technological change
2.3. Implications of the evolutionary account
2.4. Co-evolution of institutions
2.5. The multi-level sustainability transitions perspective
2.6. Implications for policy
2.7. Are the micro-foundations right? Criticisms of evolutionary approaches
2.8. Distribution, vested interests and politics
2.9. Theorising politics in the process of technological change
2.10. The emergence of political economy
2.11. Two important criticisms and two responses
2.12. Political economy and technological change in economic history
3. CHƯƠNG 3: Catch-up, industrial policy, institutions and political economy
3.1. From institutions to good governance
3.2. The ‘institutional turn’ and the (re)emergence of political economy
3.3. A critical review of the empirical evidence
3.4. Embracing the political economy
3.5. A conceptual framework for understanding political economy of economic growth and technological change
3.6. Technology and political economy
3.7. Drawing on the experience of developmental states
3.8. Conclusion: political economy, technology and environment
4. CHƯƠNG 4: Political economy and technological change in the electricity supply industry
4.1. Electrical utilities and the emergence of a techno-economic paradigm
4.2. Understanding the dynamics of power sector development
4.3. Co-evolution of institutions: ownership and control of power systems
4.4. Politics and the coevolution of institutions
4.5. Development of the ESI in developing countries
4.6. A universal techno-economic paradigm?
4.7. Dynamics of ESI liberalization in the industrialized world
4.8. Dynamics of ESI liberalization in developing countries
4.9. Distilling the implications for technological change
4.10. Conclusion: Political settlements, holding power, rents and the ESI
5. CHƯƠNG 5: Introducing the Vietnam case study
5.1. Characterising the political economy of the reform period
5.2. Vietnam as a case study
5.3. Vietnam’s evolving political economy context
5.4. Understanding Vietnam as a developmental state
5.5. Competitive clientism and the weak state
5.6. Conclusions: Implications for the ESI
6. CHƯƠNG 6: The political economy of the power sector in Vietnam
6.1. Post-war reconstruction and central planning 1976 – 1986
6.2. The development of the ESI in Vietnam
6.3. Rapid growth of the ESI in the reform period 1986 – 2010
6.4. Institutional development and reform
6.4.1. Institutional arrangements prior to Doi Moi
6.4.2. The material drivers of ESI reform
6.4.3. The first wave of reform: formation of EVN and the energy parastatals
6.4.4. The faltering entry of FDI
6.4.5. Continuing pressure to reform
6.4.6. The second wave of reforms
6.4.7. The search for capital
6.4.8. EVN threatens the whole show
6.4.9. The tariff rises
7. CHƯƠNG 7: Analysis and conclusions. The political economy of technology choice in Vietnam’s power sector
7.1. The political economy of technology choice in Vietnam’s ESI
7.2. Ownership profile and technologies
7.3. Conclusions on the political economy of technology choice in Vietnam
7.4. Holding power, political settlements and rents in the Vietnamese power sector
7.5. Implications for climate change mitigation in Vietnam
7.6. Caveats and limitations
7.7. Recommendations for future study
Bibliography
Annexes
A2. Annexes to Chapter 2
A2.1. Linear accounts of technological change from ‘supply-push’ to ‘demand-pull’
A2.2. Review of empirical evidence on induced innovation
A2.3. The empirical evidence on induced innovation
A2.4. Empirical evidence on induced innovation and environmental technological change
A3. Annexes to Chapter 3
A3.1. Technological catch-up: ‘Hard-slog’ or ‘Leap-frog’?
A3.2. Neoclassical growth theory
A3.3. A heterodox approach to development: National Innovation Systems
A3.4. What does all this tell us about technological catch-up?
A4. Annexes to Chapter 4
A4.1. Emerging political imperatives, emerging energy imperatives?
A5. Annexes to Chapter 5
A5.1. Case study methodology
A5.2. Sources of empirical evidence
A5.3. Vietnam’s economic context and the prelude to reform
A5.4. Vietnam’s energy resources and prospects
A5.5. Energy sector development
A5.6. Energy resources
A6. Annexes to Chapter 6
A6.1. Early development of the ESI in Vietnam 1892 – 1975
A6.2. Images of electrification in state propaganda
A6.3. Additional data
