MINISTRY OF EDUCATION AND TRAINING HUE UNIVERSITY COLLEGE OF FOREIGN LANGUAGES ------------ LE THI QUYNH TRANG AN INVESTIGATION INTO TEACHING ENGLISH IDIOMS THROUGH METAPHORS FOR FIRST YEAR STUDENTS AT AU LAC VOCATIONAL TRAINING COLLEGE MA THESIS IN THEORY AND METHODOLOGY OF ENGLISH LANGUAGE TEACHING CODE: 60.11 SUPERVISOR: TRUONG BACH LE, D. HUE, 2015 BỘ GIÁO DỤC VÀ ĐÀO TẠO ĐẠI HỌC HUẾ TRƯỜNG ĐẠI HỌC NGOẠI NGỮ ------------ LÊ THỊ QUỲNH TRANG ĐIỀU TRA VIỆC DẠY THÀNH NGỮ TIẾNG ANH THÔNG QUA THỦ PHÁP ẨN DỤ CHO SINH VIÊN NĂM NHẤT TRƯỜNG TRUNG CẤP DẠY NGHỀ ÂU LẠC LUẬN VĂN THẠC SĨ LÝ LUẬN VÀ PHƯƠNG PHÁP DẠY HỌC BỘ MÔN TIẾNG ANH MÃ SỐ: 60.11 NGƯỜI HƯỚNG DẪN KHOA HỌC : TS. TRƯƠNG BẠCH LÊ HUẾ, 2015 STATEMENT OF AUTHORSHIP This work has not previously been submitted for a degree or diploma in any university. To the best of my knowledge and belief, the thesis contains no material previously published or written by another person except where due reference is made in the thesis itself.
Signature Le Thi Quynh Trang i ABSTRACT This thesis reports on the application of using metaphors in teaching English idioms for first year student in Au Lac Vocational Training College. Being considered as one of the most complicated part in language learning, idioms has not been taught regularly in class. However the fact remains that native speakers use idioms in a high frequency in not only spoken but also written form. Aiming to investigate the awareness of first year students in Au Lac Vocational Training College on learning English idioms through metaphors as well as how they learn English idioms and find out the solutions for teaching and learning, the researcher carried out this study in a class consisting of 40 students.
Data were collected from 40 students who were concurrently learning English in Au Lac Vocational Training College. Data collection was also derived from the interview of teachers and some learners in the trial class to discover further behind the information collected from the questionnaires. Besides, the researcher also conducted classroom note-taking to witness the real reaction of learners to the present trial class. Standing firmly on these reliable bases, the researcher drew out the conclusion of learners’ awareness on learning English idioms through metaphors and solutions for better learning in the future as well.
In general, first year students in Au Lac Vocational Training College have profound cognizance of learning English idioms through metaphors. The application of conceptual metaphors has exerted significant effects on both teaching and learning English idioms in Au Lac Vocational Training College. ii ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS The special thank goes to my whole-hearted supervisor for all his dedication, patience and thorough guidance even though he is extremely busy with his work. The supervision and support that he gave truly help the progression and smoothness of the research.
My grateful thanks also go to my colleagues - ESP teachers in Au Lac vocational school, who were willing to help me with the interview and experience sharing that gives me a great deal of valuable information. A big contribution from them is very great indeed. All research would be nothing without the enthusiasm and cooperation from the trial ESP class with forty learners coming from Au Lac vocational school. They attended the trial class no matter how difficult the lessons were.
I highly appreciate their class attendance as well as participation in my study. Last but not least, I would like to express my deepest gratitude to my family, my friends who were always by my side to raise my spirit up whenever I have difficulties while carrying out the research. Their great companion will be always in my heart. iii TABLE OF CONTENTS Pages Contents SUB COVER PAGE STATEMENT OF AUTHORSHIP.
iii TABLE OF CONTENTS. iv LIST OF FIGURES. v CONTENTS OF THESIS. vi CHAPTER 1: INTRODUCTION.
Rationale of the study. Objectives of the research .2 3, Brief outline of the thesis .2 CHAPTER 2: LITERATURE REVIEW. Definition of key terms .1 Pairs of Words .4 Teaching English idioms through metaphors.5 Reviewing the previous studies .12 CHAPTER 3: RESEARCH METHODOLOGY. Pretests and post tests .3 Trial class teaching .18 CHAPTER 4: FINDINGS AND DISCUSSION.
The attitudes of first-year students of Au Lac Vocational College towards learning English idioms through metaphors. Idioms-an indispensable part in learning English. Metaphors-an important factor in learning English idioms. Factors affecting teaching and learning English idioms through metaphors in Au Lac Vocational College.
How first year students in Au Lac Vocational Training College learn English idioms through metaphors. Challenges students have when learning English idioms through metaphors 33 4. The outcomes of teaching and learning English idioms through metaphors in Au Lac Vocational College.41 CHAPTER 5: CONCLUSION AND IMPLICATIONS. The attitudes of first year students in Au Lac Vocational Training College towards learning English idioms through metaphors.
How first year students in Au Lac vocational training college learn English idioms through metaphors. Challenges first year students face when learning English idioms using metaphors. The outcomes of teaching and learning English idioms through metaphors for students at Au Lac Vocational Training College. Limitations and suggestions for further studies .53 APPENDIX 2: PRE TEST AND POST TEST APPENDIX 3: INTERVIEWING TEACHERS APPENDIX 4: INTERVIEWING STUDENTS vi LIST OF FIGURES Figure 4.1: The frequency of meeting idioms in learning English .2: The frequency of using English idioms when learning English .3: The frequency of meeting metaphors when learning English .4: The importance of metaphors in learning English idioms .5: How helpful metaphors is in supporting learning English idioms .23 vii CHAPTER 1 INTRODUCTION This chapter refers to (1) rationale of the research, (2) objectives of the research, (3) brief outline of the research and (4) research questions.
Rationale of the study Idioms play an integral part of any languages all over the world. They are a fertile soil where people can make full use of their vivid imagination to beautify their major means of communication. Thus, it is said that idioms are widely used in formal and informal, spoken and written discourse. A large numbers of idioms can be easily found on television, on newspaper and daily life conversations as well.
With the ubiquitous appearance of idioms in life, students need to self-equip with some basic knowledge about idioms and how to understand them in the context, leading to the final outcome is that they can apply some popular idioms in their own conversation or writing. However, that the meaning of idioms is often not transparent and the word choice is unsystematic has caused a lot of difficulties for learners, especially for non-English major students in Au Lac vocational training school. Liu (2003: 671) stated that “idioms have rather rigid structures, quite unpredictable meanings and fairly extensive uses”. Besides, idioms in English often take advantages of metaphor as a crucial tool to deeply express their meaning.
Furthermore, idioms are “a notoriously difficult” but at the same time a very useful aspect of English for language learners”. Moons (1998: 3) maintained that “idiom is an ambiguous term, used in conflicting ways.” This leads to another outcome that students will have troubles in partly how to realize the metaphor and partly how to understand the metaphor used in the idiom to pull out the hidden meaning behind. Consequently, understanding metaphor and applying it in learning vocabulary and idioms will help students develop their language systematically and effectively. Therefore, it is necessary to carry out a research on using metaphors in teaching English idioms for non- English major students at Au Lac Vocational Training College.
In fact, choosing what idioms to teach is also a great challenge for the researcher. In conformity with the students’ English competence, the learning of a 1 number of idioms such as “Time is money, It is on our mind and Happy and Sad” are chosen to be studied in the research. Objectives of the research As mentioned above, idioms are overwhelming in our daily life. Hence, I choose to work on “AN INVESTIGATION INTO TEACHING ENGLISH IDIOMS THROUGH METAPHORS FOR FIRST YEAR STUDENTS AT AU LAC VOCATIONAL TRAINING COLLEGE” for the following objectives.
First off, the research will give me an overview of students’ knowledge of English idioms. This will be a solid foundation for the researcher to develop the study in accordance with students’ knowledge. Secondly, finding out the challenges that students may face when they learn English idioms using metaphors will be valuable information to support both learning and teaching. Thirdly, the research also aims at empowering students with some suggestions for them to learn English idioms better and somehow supporting teachers in teaching.
Brief outline of the thesis There are five chapters in the thesis. Chapter 1 presents the rationale of choosing the topic, the aims, the significance, and the structure of the thesis. Chapter 2 provides the definitions of key terms in used in the thesis, reports previous research and theories on which the research counts. Chapter 3 describes the research methods and data collection process.
Chapter 4 displays the findings and discussion from the data collected including data from the questionnaires, pretests and posttests results as well as interviewing teachers and learners. Chapter 5 summarizes the entire thesis and offers the implications for the students and English teachers at Au Lac Vocational Training College, and gives suggestions for further studies. Research questions The research dealt with the following questions 1. What are the attitudes of first year students in Au Lac Vocational Training College towards learning English idioms through metaphors? 2 2.
How do first year students in Au Lac Vocational Training College learn English idioms through metaphors? 3. What challenges do first year students face when learning English idioms using metaphors? 4. What are the outcomes of teaching and learning English idioms through metaphors for students at Au Lac Vocational Training College? 3 CHAPTER 2 LITERATURE REVIEW This chapter reviews the literature related to the concepts of idioms and identifying idioms. Specially, the chapter also includes the theoretical bases of metaphors and the summary of previous studies that are associated with teaching English idioms through metaphors.
Besides, list of idioms chosen to be taught during the study is clearly presented. Definition of key terms 2.1 Idioms English with a lot of different characteristics in comparison with many other languages in general and with Vietnamese in particular has caused some certain difficulties for English learners. One of the perennial difficult areas of English that learners find it hard to understand and put in to use is idioms. It is obvious that teaching and learning idiomatic expressions play a crucial role in developing a definite level of proficiency for learners.
As suggested by Fernado (1996), Wray (1999) and Schimitt (2000), mastering of idioms is necessary for successful language learning and native-like command of language. Wright (1992) emphasizes that words in English do not only come individually, they come in expression and in groups as well. English learners sometimes meet these expression I could eat a horse or It rains cats and dogs and more once somewhere in the process of their learning. We cannot understand these two expressions by chop down each word, instead, by finding out the similarities between two concepts mentioned in the phrase will make it easy to take in the meaning.
I could eat a horse can be understood that someone spends a lot of money on food. So, idiom is an expression with following features. First, it is fixed and recognized by native speakers. For native speakers, acquiring idiom is somehow easier for those whose English is not their first language.
Second, it uses languages in a non-literal-metaphorical way (Wright, 2002). Burke (1998) says that “knowledge of slang and idioms is fundamental to nonnative speakers’ 4 understanding of the language that native speaker often use (p. Bromley (1984) remarks that “idioms add confusion and difficulty to learning of language.