MINISTRY OF EDUCATION AND TRAINING HO CHI MINH CITY UNIVERSITY OF TECHNOLOGY AND EDUCATION GRADUATION THESIS AUTOMOTIVE ENGINEERING TECHNOLOGY CONTROLLING AND ENHANCING PERFORMANCE OF PERMANENT MAGNET SYNCHRONOUS MOTOR INSTRUCTOR: LE THANH PHUC, Ph. STUDENT: LE VU THANH SKL012841 Ho Chi Minh City, June 2024 HO CHI MINH CITY UNIVERSITY OF TECHNOLOGY AND EDUCATION FACULTY OF INTERNATIONAL EDUCATION GRADUATION PROJECT CONTROLLING AND ENHANCING PERFORMANCE OF PERMANENT MAGNET SYNCHRONOUS MOTOR LÊ VŨ THANH Student ID: 20145434 Major: AUTOMOTIVE ENGINEERING TECHNOLOGY Supervisor: LÊ THANH PHÚC, Ph. Ho Chi Minh City, June 2024 THE SOCIALIST REPUBLIC OF VIETNAM Independence – Freedom– Happiness -------- Ho Chi Minh City, January 3rd, 2024 GRADUATION PROJECT ASSIGNMENT Student name: Lê Vũ Thanh Student ID: 20145434 Major: Automotive Engineering Technology Class: 20145CLA1 Supervisor: Lê Thanh Phúc. Phone number: 0911242336 Date of assignment: 05/01/2024 Date of submission: 20/05/2024 1.
Project title: Controlling and Enhancing Performance of Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motor 2. Initial materials provided by supervisor: Materials relating to topic, Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motor, Tools and Lab instruments, Previous reports 3. Content of the project: • Understand the operating principle of a three – phase alternating current electric motor • Learn how to generate three – phase alternating current from a direct current power source • Control the motor according to preferences • Propose additional enhancements and optimizations • Operate the system in a stable and safe manner as well as evaluate the results 4. Final product: Control Module, Code Script, Graduation Thesis contains analyzation and evaluation CHAIR OF THE PROGRAM SUPERVISOR (Sign with full name) (Sign with full name) THE SOCIALIST REPUBLIC OF VIETNAM Independence – Freedom– Happiness -------- ---- SUPERVISOR’S EVALUATION SHEET Student name: Lê Vũ Thanh Student ID: 20145434 Major:.
Supervisor: Lê Thanh Phúc, Ph. Content of the project:. Approval for oral defense? (Approved or denied). Ho Chi Minh City.
, 2024 SUPERVISOR (Sign with full name) THE SOCIALIST REPUBLIC OF VIETNAM Independence – Freedom– Happiness -------- PRE-DEFENSE EVALUATION SHEET Student name: Lê Vũ Thanh Student ID: 20145434 Major:. Name of Examiner:. Content and workload of the project. Approval for oral defense? (Approved or denied) .) Ho Chi Minh City.
, 2024 EXAMINER (Sign with full name) THE SOCIALIST REPUBLIC OF VIETNAM Independence – Freedom– Happiness -------- EVALUATION SHEET OF DEFENSE COMMITTEE MEMBER Student name: Lê Vũ Thanh Student ID: 20145434 Major:. Name of Defense Committee Member:. Content and workload of the project .) Ho Chi Minh City. , 2024 COMMITTEE MEMBER (Sign with full name) Disclaimer This thesis represents the sole work of an individual and is reflective of his own interpretations and conclusions.
The author bears no responsibility for decisions made based on this content. Readers are advised to verify information independently. i Acknowledgements First and foremost, I would like to express profound gratitude to my beloved parents, who have endured all the hardships of life to provide me with the best. Without their support and care, I might not have been able to pursue my academic career.
During the most difficult times, both physically and mentally, they have always been there, listening, sharing, reminding, advising, and motivating me to keep moving forward. I am immensely proud to be their child. I also want to extend my sincere to the university and the Faculty of International Education. Throughout my university years, the faculty has granted thriving learning environment and valuable resources that have helped me enhance my knowledge and understanding.
Furthermore, I would want to express my highest admiration and appreciation to the educators who assisted me on the journey. Most importantly, I must acknowledge Ph. Lê Thanh Phúc who supervised my thesis. Even though I never got to take one of his official classes, the knowledge he shared with me while working on my project has been priceless.
He has consistently given me inspiration and listened to the difficulties and problems I encountered in the lab while providing the most passionate and sincere advice. In addition, I would also like to express my deepest gratitude to M. Nguyễn Trung Hiếu for his lessons, which have enhanced my expertise in engineering and helped me develop a better sense of self. His teachings remain with me and act as a reminder of who I am each time I take on an assignment.
And finally, I am grateful for all of the instructors from different departments who supported and mentored me. They have so kindly offered their wisdom and insightful perspectives, which I will keep with me wherever I go. Last but not least, I extend my heartfelt thanks to all my friends and colleagues who have accompanied me, stood by my side, and offered assistance during my weakest moments. I would not be the person I am today without their support.
Thank you all for helping me reach this important academic achievement. ii Table of Contents Disclaimer. ii Table of Contents. vi List of Figures.
vii List of Tables. xii Chapter 1: INTRODUCTION. Research progress in domestic. Research progress in international.
6 Chapter 2: LITERATURE REVIEW. Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motor. Structure and arrangement. Comparing to other electric motors.
Function and features. Resolver to digital. Passive circuit elements. Active circuit elements.
Voltage regulator LM7805. Operational amplifier LM358P. Introduction to the basics. 42 Chapter 3: PMSM CONTROL SYSTEM.
Six – step commutation. Control system description. System block diagram. Control algorithm flowchart.
STM32CubeMX configuration. Resolver to digital circuits. Half – wave rectifier circuit. PMSM controlling circuits.
56 Chapter 4: IMPROVING THE PMSM PERFORMANCE. PMSM control algorithm. Examining the outputs from the resolver. Plotting the tangent value of theta.
Sine PWM application. Circuit configuration and working principle. 62 Chapter 5: EXPERIMENT RESULTS. Assembling the circuits.
Amplifying and interrupt results. Six – step commutation results. 73 Chapter 6: CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATIONS. 78 v Abbreviations Acronym Full form Acronym Full form Metal – Oxide – Semiconductor AC Alternating Current MOSFET Field – Effect Transistor ADC Analog to Digital Converter PCB Printed Circuit Board APB Advanced Peripheral Bus PI Proportional – Integral BJT Bipolar Junction Transistor PIL Python Instrumentation Library BLDC Brushless DC Motor PLL Phase – Locked Loop Permanent Magnet Synchronous CRC Cyclic Redundancy Check PMSM Motor CSV Comma – Separated Values PWM Pulse Width Modulation DC Direct Current RMS Root Mean Square DMA Direct Memory Access RTD Resolver to Digital DTC Direct Torque Control SCIM Squirrel Cage Induction Motor FOC Field – Oriented Control SPMSM Surface PMSM GPIO General Purpose Input/Output SRAM Static Random – Access Memory HAL Hardware Abstraction Layer SRM Switched Reluctance Motor Symmetric Torque Stepper HCPL High – Speed Optocoupler STSM Motor IC Integrated Circuit SyRM Synchronous Reluctance Motor IGBT Insulated Gate Bipolar Transistor VVC Vector Volts/Hertz Control IPMSM Interior PMSM WRIM Wound Rotor Induction Motor Wound Rotor Synchronous LED Light Emitting Diode WRSM Motor vi List of Figures Figure 2.
The arrangement of a PMSM engine [8]. Rotor assembled and partially disassembled [9]. The Prius’ PMSM stator [9]. Three – phase currents produce a rotating magnetic field with time [8] 12 Figure 2.
PMSM six step – commutation control process. Arrangement of resolver’s coils and their waveforms [10]. The metal plates on BLDC’s motor (left); Actual resolver on Prius’ PMSM (right). Schematic of resistors (left); Resistors with variable values (right) [12].
An example resistor’s band color code [12]. Schematic of capacitors [12]. Capacitors charging up [12]. Capacitors releasing charges [12].
Hydraulic check valve’s working principle [12]. Diodes’ structure and schematic [12]. Diodes in forward bias mode [12]. Diodes in reversed – bias [12].
Diode’s working states [12]. Board STM32F103C8T6 on circuit. STM32F103xx performance line LQF48 pinout [13]. Clock tree of the STM32F103C8T6 [13].
LM7805 TO – 220 model [14]. LM358P’s pin configuration [15]. Non – inverting amplifier configuration [16]. Inverting amplifier configuration [16].
IR2103’s pins and their connections [18]. Logic inputs and outputs of IR2103 [18]. Structure of a BJT [12]. Structure of a MOSFET [12].
Structure of a IGBT [12]. Main screen of STM32CubeMX at start up. Working space of STM32CubeMx. An example for choosing ADC configuration.
Modifying a clock configuration for a project. Project manager tab. Workflow of interrupts in STM32 [23]. ADC converter’s modes [23].
Working space of Keil C. Reference waves for Sine PWM. PWM signal’s waveform. 220V AC to 12V AC transformer.
Block diagram of the control process. Flowchart of the control system. Settings for GPIO pins. Sine coil amplifier schematic.
Cosine coil amplifier schematic. Half – wave rectifier schematic. Amplified sine/cosine voltage in compared to PA5 returned voltage. Schematic of the control circuit.
Schematic of the driver circuit. Schematic of the power circuit. Step down adapter (left); AC to DC rectifier (middle); displayer (right). The captured sine and cosine waveforms from oscilloscope.
The captured sine and cosine waveforms in Matlab. Sine and cosine’s peak values. Tan theta waveform. Tan theta waveform comparing to sine and cosine waveform.
Sine and cosine waveform comparing to arctan in degree. Reference waveform for Sine PWM. PWM pulse counts. H – bridge circuit schematic.
Sine PWM filters. Testing amplifier and extracting half – wave output. Merging amplifier and half – wave circuits. Schematic of the PCB circuit.
3D viewpoint of the PCB board. Two sides of PCB board. Finalized PCB board. Initially testing circuits.
H – bridge circuit assembly. Assembling the functioning circuits. Sine output from the resolver, before and after. Returned sine and cosine waveforms.
Excitation coil and PA5 returned waveform at 50Hz. Returned sine waveform in comparing to PA5 output. H – bridge sine PWM output. Excitation coil and PA5 returned waveform at 100Hz.
IR2103 control signals to IGBTs’ Gates .73 x List of Tables Table 1. A few related domestic studies. Some related researchs in international. Rotating electric engine classfication [8].
PMSM control methods [8]. Resistor color codes [12]. Recommended operating conditions for IR2103 [18]. Energizing order in six steps.
Pin configuration of STM32. Operational amplifier LM358P’s connections .51 xi Abstract This thesis focuses on implementing six – step commutation technique to control a Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motor (PMSM). By utilizing a resolver as a position sensor, the system can determine the current rotor position and accordingly activate the appropriate phases of the stator’s armature. Specifically, the thesis will investigate the handling of signals returned by the resolver, extracting relevant information, and the process of controlling the PMSM.
Moreover, another objective is to improve the rotation of the PMSM. This was accomplished by fine – tuning the control constants through data analysis. With optimized constants, the rotation becomes smoother with reduced instances of stalling. Additionally, a H – bridge circuit was employed to increase the speed of the PMSM.
Through the application of Sine Pulse Width Modulation, the system operates at a higher frequency, enhancing the excitation provided to the resolver’s coil. Keywords: PMSM, Resolver to Digital, Six – step commutation xii 1. Overview The automotive industry is currently experiencing a profound transformation characterized by a widespread shift towards electric propulsion systems. This transformation is fundamentally reshaping the traditional landscape of vehicles, as electric cars become increasingly common.
With this surge in electric vehicle adoption, there is a demanding need for more efficient electric engine technologies to. Induction motors have emerged as a popular choice in the electric vehicle market due to their simplicity, durability, and ability to generate significant torque at low speeds. This torque characteristic is crucial for ensuring smooth acceleration, a key factor in the overall driving experience.