MINISTRY OF EDUCATION AND TRAINING HO CHI MINH CITY UNIVERSITY OF TECHNOLOGY AND EDUCATION GRADUATION THESIS AUTOMOTIVE ENGINEERING TECHNOLOGY HARVESTING ELECTRIC ENERGY FROM SHOCK ABSORBER INSTRUCTOR: DO VAN DUNG, Assoc.Prof STUDENT: NGUYEN TRAN BINH DO VIET LAM SKL012845 Ho Chi Minh City, May 2024 HO CHI MINH CITY UNIVERSITY OF TECHNOLOGY AND EDUCATION FACULTY OF INTERNATIONAL EDUCATION GRADUATION THESIS HARVESTING ELECTRIC ENERGY FROM SHOCK ABSORBER NGUYEN TRAN BINH STUDENT ID: 20145402 DO VIET LAM STUDENT ID: 20145395 Major: AUTOMOTIVE ENGINEERING Supervisor: DO VAN DUNG, Assoc.Prof Ho Chi Minh City, 2024 THE SOCIALIST REPUBLIC OF VIETNAM Independence - Freedom - Happiness -------- Ho Chi Minh City, January 4th, 2024 GRADUATION PROJECT ASSIGNMENT Student name: NGUYEN TRAN BINH Student ID: 20145402 Student name: DO VIET LAM Student ID: 20145395 Major: AUTOMOTIVE ENGINEERING Class: 20145CLA2 Supervisor: DO VAN DUNG, Assoc.Prof Phone number: 0903644706 Date of assignment: 04/01/2024 Date of submission: 20/05/2024 1. Project title: HARVESTING ELECTRIC ENERGY FROM SHOCK ABSORBER 2. Initial materials provided by supervisor: Science journal with relative topic, solfware for simulating. Content of the project: Introduction, construction and operating principles of energy harvesting systems, modelling, simulation and result analysist, conclusion and recommendation.
Final product: Graduation thesis contains calculation, simulation and results analysis. CHAIR OF THE PROGRAM SUPERVISOR (Sign with full name) (Sign with full name) THE SOCIALIST REPUBLIC OF VIETNAM Independence - Freedom - Happiness -------- SUPERVISOR’S EVALUATION SHEET Student name: NGUYEN TRAN BINH Student ID: 20145402 Student name: DO VIET LAM Student ID: 20145395 Major: AUTOMOTIVE ENGINEERING Project title: HARVESTING ELECTRIC ENERGY FROM SHOCK ABSORBER Supervisor: DO VAN DUNG, Assoc. Content of the project:. Approval for oral defense? (Approved or denied) .) Ho Chi Minh City, month day, year SUPERVISOR (Sign with full name) THE SOCIALIST REPUBLIC OF VIETNAM Independence - Freedom - Happiness -------- PRE-DEFENSE EVALUATION SHEET Student name: NGUYEN TRAN BINH Student ID: 20145402 Student name: DO VIET LAM Student ID: 20145395 Major: AUTOMOTIVE ENGINEERING Project title: HARVESTING ELECTRIC ENERGY FROM SHOCK ABSORBER Name of Examiner: LE THANH PHUC, Ph.
Content and workload of the project. Approval for oral defense? (Approved or denied) .) Ho Chi Minh City, month day, year EXAMINER (Sign with full name) THE SOCIALIST REPUBLIC OF VIETNAM Independence - Freedom - Happiness -------- EVALUATION SHEET OF DEFENSE COMMITTEE MEMBER Student name: NGUYEN TRAN BINH Student ID: 20145402 Student name: DO VIET LAM Student ID: 20145395 Major: AUTOMOTIVE ENGINEERING Project title: HARVESTING ELECTRIC ENERGY FROM SHOCK ABSORBER Name of Defense Committee Member: EVALUATION 1. Content and workload of the project. Mark: ………………… (in words: .) Ho Chi Minh City, month day, year COMMITTEE MEMBER (Sign with full name ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS This Graduation Thesis Report of major Automotive Engineering Technology about “HARVESTING ELECTRIC ENERGY FROM SHOCK ABSORBER” is the achievement of our group in the research processing with the best dedication of teachers from Faculty of Vehicles Energy Engineering in Ho Chi Minh University of Technology and Education.
First and foremost, we could not have completed this dissertation without the support of our main supervisor Assoc.Prof Do Van Dung, we want to show our special thanks to him for his valuable support and attention, which led to completing our report in time. Besides, we would like to express my sincere gratitude to Ph.D Nguyen Manh Cuong, who taught us the first lesson about the Theory of Vehicles and MSc. Nguyen Trung Hieu for his Automation class. Furthermore, we would like to give the best thanks to our family for their wise counsel, sympathetic ear and stand by our side through the report process.
Sincerely! i ABSTRACT Energy is one of the topics that always receives attention and concern, because it helps people maintain life and maintain social and commercial activities. The auto industry is no exception as it accounts for a significant proportion of energy consumption. Car manufacturers have also continuously developed technologies to help optimize engine fuel usage while also finding another path for the industry, which is renewable energy. This topic "HARVESTING ELECTRIC ENERGY FROM SHOCK ABSORBER" also contributes a small part in the path search for renewable energy solutions, specifically for use in every vehicles.
The dissertation has calculated, designed, and simulated a shock absorber that can regenerate energy from vibrations during vehicle movement. Each vibration is continuously received and converted from kinetic energy to electrical energy. Using knowledge of magnetic electric to be able to design a linear generator, this mechanism is mounted on the shock absorber to promote the transfer from reciprocating motion to electricity directly. The report is divided into four chapters.
At the beginning, we present the urgency of the topic, the topic's objectives, the topic's scientific and practical relevance, the topic's novel point, the research method, the research object, the research limitation, and a literature review. In Chapter 2, we learned about the building and functioning principles of energy harvesting systems. After reviewing the information in Chapter 2, we go on to Chapter 3 where we utilize Mathlab/Simulink to demonstrate how we develop the model to simulate our harvesting system step by step before proceeding to the result analysis. In the final chapter, we reached a conclusion and made recommendations for future research.
ii TABLE OF CONTENTS ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS. ii TABLE OF CONTENTS. iii LIST OF ACRONYMS. v LIST OF FIGURES.
vi LIST OF TABLES. viii CHAPTER 1: INTRODUCTION .1 The urgency of the topic .3 Scientific and practical significance of the topic. 1 Scientific significance of the topic:. 1 Pratical significance of the topic: .4 New points of the thesis .7 Research limitations of the topic.
2 CHAPTER 2: CONSTRUCTION & OPERATING PRINCIPLES OF ENERGY HARVESTING SYSTEMS .2 Direct drive mode.3 Indirect drive mode .1 Mechanical motion rectifier .2 Hydraulic motion rectifier .4 Comparison direct drive mode with indirect drive mode. 21 CHAPTER 3: MODELING, SIMULATION AND RESULTS ANALYSIST .1 Introducing the MATLAB/SIMULINK program .2 Modelling linear harvester .2 Mass spring damper block .1 Linear electromotive regenerator .3 Simulation and result analysist. 42 CHAPTER 4: CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATION. 1 iv LIST OF ACRONYMS AC – Alternate Current DC – Direct Current RMS – Root Mean Square EVs – Electric Vehicles T – Tesla DOF – Degree of Freedom MSD – Mass Spring Damper EMF – Electromotive Force LERA – Linear electromagnetic regenerative shock absorber v LIST OF FIGURES Figure 2.1 Structure of some types of springs .2 Motocycle damping schematic .3: Design of the electromagnetic damper with two layers of magnets [9] .5: Magnetic flux density of each arrangement in single layer.
a) axial magnets with spacers, b) radial magnets with spacers, c) radial magnets only, d) axial and radial magnets [11] .6: Double layer configuration [11] .7: Piezoelectric effect demonstration .8: Flow chart of the twin ball screws regenerative shock absorber design [14] .9: a) Hydraulic motion rectifier prototype, b) schematic diagram of the system [15] .10: Principle of motion rectifier in oscillascope view [13] .11: 3D model and actual prototype, a) overal view, b) detailed view [13] .12: Schematic diagram of hydraulic energy harvester with hydraulic motion rectifier [16] .13: a) Direct drive regeneration shock absorber system; b) Indirect drive regenerative shock absorber system.2: A Fast Fourier Transform (FFT) visualization .3: Stateflow for studying gas or fluid flow .6: Linear harvester simulation with Mathlab/Simulink .7: Pulse generator block .8: Signal Editor window (step signal scenario) .9: Connection of gain block and input signal block to transfer the unit .10: Transport delay block .11: Simulation input signals setup .12: Mass spring damper block .13: Expansion of mass spring damper block .14: Energy harvester block .15: MSD behavior at 6 m/s .16: Output voltage at 6 m/s .17: Output voltage value at 6m/s .18: MSD behavior when vehicle at 24 m/s .19:MSD position value at 6m/s .20: MSD position value at 24 m/s .21: Output voltage when vehicle at 24 m/s .22: Output voltage value at 24 m/s .23: The correlation between linear regenerator’s power and stimulation frequency graph .24: RC circuit charging process (switch close at 1), discharging process (switch close at 2) .25: Charging process of 10F capacitor .26: Discharging process of the capacitor.27: Charging and discharging process of capacitor. 50 vii LIST OF TABLES Table 2.1: Comparation in susceptibility of each material classes.2 Comparision of two drive mode models .1: Linear regenerator parameters. 41 viii CHAPTER 1: INTRODUCTION 1.1 The urgency of the topic Fossil energy sources used for industry in general and automobiles in particular are gradually running out. Besides, the energy from fuel used to propel the vehicle only accounts for less than 20% of the total energy input, it can be seen that the loss and energy loss is very large.
Recovering energy lost in vehicle like cars, and motobikes is a new research direction in the automotive field in the world as well as in the country. Research directions on this issue are often associated with research subjects applied to electric vehicles, hybrid electric vehicles and vehicles using traditional internal combustion engines. Many studies have shown that the suspension system creates a large amount of energy from vibrations and these vibrations occur continuously when the vehicle is operating. However, most of them today use shock absorbers just to suppress vibrations to bring comfort to the user, especially when going through bumpy and rough roads.
This energy will be absorbed by hydraulic dampers and converted into an amount of heat released to the environment. There have been many studies to recover this wasted energy, but in practice it has not been optimized. Therefore, “HARVESTING ELECTRIC ENERGY FROM SHOCK ABSORBER” is really necessary.2 Topic’s objective The purpose of this research is to explore, simulate, and define system performance based on input scenerios of energy regeneration system built in Mathlab/Simulink. The proposed system would convert waste mechanical energy, produced during the normal function of a vehicle’s suspension, into usable electrical energy.
This transformation has the potential to create a more efficient energy system within the vehicle, contributing to lower fuel consumption rates, increased energy efficiency, and a reduced carbon footprint. The end objective is to not only understand the considerations and potential output of such a system but also to build a theoretical basis for future topics when starting to design and construct a model that can be tested and possible implemented in real-world scenarios. This research holds the dual promise of contributing to environmental conservation efforts and reducing energy waste in vehicles, thus marking a step forward in the pursuit of sustainable and efficient energy systems.3 Scientific and practical significance of the topic Scientific significance of the topic: The topic researches, selects, simulate and try to build a prototype of an energy recovery model. Applying theory to evaluate the ability to regenerate, from there draw conclusions about whether the energy recovery system meets the ability to regenerate good energy or not.
1 Pratical significance of the topic: The thesis is aimed to contribute to the future of a green earth, minimizing vehicle emissions into the environment by reducing fuel consumption.4 New points of the thesis The vibrations from the suspension system caused by the road surface are employed to assist the electric energy regeneration unit in operating. The linear structure of the energy regeneration system converts energy from the suspension system's forward motion into electricity, increasing fuel efficiency and reducing environmental emissions.5 Research methods Collect and study scientific literature, articles, and books on energy harvesting systems from motorcycle shock absorbers, and basics of electromagnet induction.6 Research object Energy harvesting system on motocycle rear shock absorber.7 Research limitations of the topic Within the research scope of the project, we only focus on studying the operation of the system, applying electromagnetic induction to generates electricity from the oscillating kinetic energy of the shock absorber combined with storing electricity logically. Output power of the harvester. Helps realize the ability to regenerate electricity from the vehicle's shock absorber.8 Literature review Energy harvesting from vehicle suspension systems is a promising area of research, aiming to utilize wasted energy from vehicle vibrations.